Porto-Neto Laercio R, Lee Seung Hwan, Lee Hak Kyo, Gondro Cedric
School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia.
Methods Mol Biol. 2013;1019:423-36. doi: 10.1007/978-1-62703-447-0_19.
Natural selection has molded the evolution of species across all taxa. Much more recently, on an evolutionary scale, human-oriented selection started to play an important role in shaping organisms, markedly so after the domestication of animals and plants. These selection processes have left traceable marks in the genome. Following from the recent advances in molecular genetics technologies, a number of methods have been developed to detect such signals, termed genomic signatures of selection. In this chapter we discuss a straightforward protocol based on the F ST statistic to identify genomic regions that exhibit high variation in allelic frequency between groups, which is a characteristic of genomic regions that have gone through differential selection. How to define the borders of these regions and further explore its genetic content is then discussed.
自然选择塑造了所有生物分类群中物种的进化。在更近的时期，从进化的时间尺度来看，以人类为导向的选择开始在塑造生物体方面发挥重要作用，在动植物驯化之后这种作用尤为显著。这些选择过程在基因组中留下了可追溯的印记。随着分子遗传学技术的最新进展，已经开发出了多种方法来检测此类信号，即选择的基因组特征。在本章中，我们将讨论一种基于F ST统计量的简单方案，以识别在群体间等位基因频率表现出高变异的基因组区域，这是经历了差异选择的基因组区域的一个特征。随后将讨论如何定义这些区域的边界并进一步探索其遗传内容。
