Polivka Barbara J, Chaudry Rosemary Valedes, Jones Alexandria
University of Louisville School of Nursing, Louisville, Kentucky (Dr Polivka); Delaware General Health District, Delaware, Ohio (Dr Chaudry); and Union County Health Department, Marysville, Ohio (Ms Jones).
J Public Health Manag Pract. 2014 Mar-Apr;20(2):224-35. doi: 10.1097/PHH.0b013e31829aa2af.
This study described the extent to which position descriptions (PDs) for public health directors of nursing (DONs) and non-DON public health nursing (PHN) supervisors in Ohio local health departments incorporate national standards of PHN practice and competencies for public health managers.
Ninety-four PDs were obtained from 66 local health departments. Statements in each PD were analyzed for congruence with the 2007 American Nurses Association Public Health Nursing Scope and Standards of Practice (ANA Standards) and the Council on Linkages Core Competencies for Public Health Professionals (COL Competencies). Health department and PD characteristics were also obtained. COL Competencies within each COL skill domain were pooled for analysis.
Position descriptions addressed an average of 7.6 of the 20 ANA Standards/Substandards (range, 1-15). The most commonly addressed ANA Standards were Leadership, Regulatory Activities, Collegiality and Professional Relationships, and Planning; the least often addressed were Population Diagnosis and Priorities, Professional Practice Evaluation, Outcomes Identification, Advocacy, and Evaluation. Position descriptions addressed an average of 3.6 of the 8 COL skill domains (range, 0-6). Financial Planning and Management, Policy Development/Program Planning, Community Dimensions of Practice, and Analytic/Assessment were the most commonly addressed COL skill domains, whereas Cultural Competence and Basic Public Health Sciences were the least commonly addressed. About 75% of the PDs included task statements that did not correspond to any of the ANA Standards or COL Competencies.
Results indicate that PDs do not reflect compliance with professional mandates for the practice of PHN. This lack of fit between PDs and nationally recognized standards of practice and competencies suggest that PHN may be undifferentiated as a public health discipline and as a nursing specialty.
本研究描述了俄亥俄州地方卫生部门护理公共卫生主任（DONs）和非DON公共卫生护理（PHN）主管的职位描述（PDs）纳入公共卫生护理实践国家标准和公共卫生管理人员能力要求的程度。
从66个地方卫生部门获取了94份职位描述。分析每份职位描述中的陈述与2007年美国护士协会公共卫生护理实践范围和标准（ANA标准）以及公共卫生专业人员联系委员会核心能力（COL能力）的一致性。还获取了卫生部门和职位描述的特征。对每个COL技能领域内的COL能力进行汇总分析。
职位描述平均涉及20项ANA标准/子标准中的7.6项（范围为1 - 15项）。最常涉及的ANA标准是领导力、监管活动、合作与专业关系以及规划；最少涉及的是人群诊断与优先事项、专业实践评估、结果识别倡导和评估。职位描述平均涉及8个COL技能领域中的3.6个（范围为0 - 6个）。财务规划与管理、政策制定/项目规划、实践的社区层面以及分析/评估是最常涉及的COL技能领域，而文化能力和基础公共卫生科学是最不常涉及的。约75%的职位描述包含与任何ANA标准或COL能力均不对应的任务陈述。
结果表明职位描述未反映出符合公共卫生护理实践的专业要求。职位描述与国家认可的实践标准和能力之间的这种不匹配表明，公共卫生护理作为一门公共卫生学科和护理专业可能未得到区分。
