Vollmayr Barbara, Gass Peter
RG Animal Models in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany,
Cell Tissue Res. 2013 Oct;354(1):171-8. doi: 10.1007/s00441-013-1654-2. Epub 2013 Jun 13.
The concept of learned helplessness defines an escape or avoidance deficit after uncontrollable stress and is regarded as a depression-like coping deficit in aversive but avoidable situations. Based on a psychological construct, it ideally complements other stress-induced or genetic animal models for major depression. Because of excellent face, construct, and predictive validity, it has contributed to the elaboration of several pathophysiological concepts and has brought forward new treatment targets. Whereas learned helplessness can be modeled not only in a broad variety of mammals, but also in fish and Drosophila, we will focus here on the use of this model in rats and mice, which are today the most common species for preclinical in vivo research in psychiatry.
习得性无助的概念定义了在不可控应激后出现的逃避或回避缺陷，并且在厌恶但可回避的情境中被视为一种类似抑郁的应对缺陷。基于一种心理结构，它理想地补充了其他应激诱导或基因动物模型用于重度抑郁症的研究。由于具有出色的表面效度、结构效度和预测效度，它有助于阐述几个病理生理概念，并提出了新的治疗靶点。虽然习得性无助不仅可以在多种哺乳动物中建模，还可以在鱼类和果蝇中建模，但我们在此将重点关注该模型在大鼠和小鼠中的应用，它们是当今精神病学临床前体内研究中最常用的物种。
