van Roosmalen Linda, Ritchie Orton Nichole, Schneider Lawrence
J Rehabil Res Dev. 2013;50(2):239-52. doi: 10.1682/jrrd.2011.11.0217.
A survey and observational study was conducted with 29 people who remain seated in their wheelchair when driving (21) or riding as a front-row passenger (8) in their personal vehicle. Each subject was observed and surveyed in their own personal vehicle that has been modified for use by occupants seated in wheelchairs. Our survey obtained responses on issues related to occupant restraint (seat belt) system usage, wheelchair securement device usage, and perception of personal safety while riding in a vehicle. Usability and accessibility issues related to seat belt and automated (docking) wheelchair securement technology were revealed, suggesting that wheelchair-seated occupants travel with a higher risk of serious injury in vehicle crashes than front-row occupants seated in original equipment manufacturer (OEM) vehicle seats and using OEM seat belts. Study results also indicate the need for improved torso support for many wheelchair-seated drivers to maintain a posture that allows for effective vehicle control. Study results demonstrate the need for innovative passive restraint technologies that provide postural support during normal vehicle operation and improved occupant restraint during crash conditions for people who drive while seated in their wheelchairs.
对29名在驾驶个人车辆（21人）或作为前排乘客乘坐（8人）时仍坐在轮椅上的人员进行了一项调查和观察性研究。在他们各自已改装以便轮椅乘坐者使用的个人车辆中对每个受试者进行观察和调查。我们的调查获得了关于乘员约束（安全带）系统使用、轮椅固定装置使用以及乘车时个人安全感知等问题的回复。揭示了与安全带和自动（对接）轮椅固定技术相关的可用性和可达性问题，这表明坐在轮椅上的乘员在车辆碰撞中受重伤的风险高于坐在原始设备制造商（OEM）车辆座椅上并使用OEM安全带的前排乘员。研究结果还表明，需要为许多坐在轮椅上的驾驶员改进躯干支撑，以保持能够有效控制车辆的姿势。研究结果表明，需要创新的被动约束技术，在正常车辆运行期间提供姿势支撑，并在碰撞情况下为坐在轮椅上驾驶的人员改善乘员约束。
