Hospital San Pedro de Alcántara, Cáceres, Spain.
Acta Neurol Scand. 2014 Feb;129(2):80-4. doi: 10.1111/ane.12156. Epub 2013 Jun 13.
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is characterized in polysomnography by recurrent airflow obstruction during sleep. The underlying pathogenic mechanisms of neuropsychological and cerebrovascular events in patients with OSAS have not been clarified unequivocally.
Case-control study to evaluate the cerebral vasomotor reactivity assessed by breath-holding maneuver at basilar artery in patients with OSAS compared to control subjects.
The study included 76 patients with OSAS and 76 controls. Vascular risk factors (arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, smoking), age, gender, coronary, and peripheral arterial diseases were similar in both groups. Patients with OSAS had breath-holding test values (31.9 ± 13.35%) lower than controls (39.06 ± 13.16%), (P = 0.001). Patients with OSAS had higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure both basal and apnea and also a higher basal heart rate.
Altered cerebral hemodynamics together with increased blood pressure values in patients with OSAS may play a role in the association between this disease and the development of cerebrovascular events. This implies that this disease should be identified through guide symptoms such as snoring, sleep apnea, and daytime sleepiness in all patients who consult for these symptoms to reduce the number of cerebrovascular events.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（OSAS）在多导睡眠图中表现为睡眠期间反复出现气流阻塞。OSAS 患者神经心理和脑血管事件的潜在发病机制尚未明确。
病例对照研究，评估 OSAS 患者与对照组相比在基底动脉进行屏气试验时的脑血管反应性。
该研究纳入了 76 例 OSAS 患者和 76 例对照。两组的血管危险因素（高血压、糖尿病、高胆固醇血症、吸烟）、年龄、性别、冠状动脉和外周动脉疾病相似。OSAS 患者的屏气试验值（31.9 ± 13.35%）低于对照组（39.06 ± 13.16%），（P = 0.001）。OSAS 患者的基础和呼吸暂停时收缩压和舒张压均较高，基础心率也较高。
OSAS 患者的脑血流动力学改变以及血压升高可能与该疾病与脑血管事件发展之间存在关联。这意味着在所有因这些症状就诊的患者中，应通过打鼾、睡眠呼吸暂停和日间嗜睡等症状来识别这种疾病，以减少脑血管事件的发生。
