Trudeau Institute, 154 Algonquin Avenue, Saranac Lake, NY 12983, USA.
Curr Opin Immunol. 2013 Aug;25(4):523-8. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2013.05.014. Epub 2013 Jun 10.
The elderly population is more susceptible to infections with higher risks of morbidity and mortality. This is caused by the accumulation of immune defects with aging. The best way to protect people against infections is vaccination. Unfortunately, the same immune defects that render the elderly susceptible to infectious diseases also prevent the development of protective immunity following immunization. A good example of this is the influenza vaccine that only protects between 40 and 60% of the vaccinees over 65 years. In the past decade, tremendous efforts have been put toward improving the influenza vaccine for the elderly. We therefore use this example to present various strategies employed to overcome these age-associated immune defects and hence make vaccines more efficacious for the aged.
老年人更容易受到感染，发病率和死亡率更高。这是由于随着年龄的增长，免疫缺陷的积累造成的。保护人们免受感染的最佳方法是接种疫苗。不幸的是，导致老年人易患传染病的相同免疫缺陷也阻止了免疫接种后保护性免疫的产生。流感疫苗就是一个很好的例子，它只能保护 65 岁以上的疫苗接种者 40%至 60%。在过去的十年中，人们为改善老年人的流感疫苗做出了巨大的努力。因此，我们以流感疫苗为例，介绍了克服这些与年龄相关的免疫缺陷的各种策略，从而使疫苗对老年人更有效。
