Stroke Unit, Department of Neurological and Sensorineural Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Policlinico Santa Maria alle Scotte, Siena, Italy.
J Neurol Sci. 2013 Aug 15;331(1-2):168-71. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2013.05.027. Epub 2013 Jun 10.
Stroke warning syndrome (SWS) is a rare cause of stroke characterized by recurrent and short-lasting episodes of transient focal neurological deficits leading up to infarction. On the basis of clinical findings and neuroimaging, it can be capsular, pontine, or callosal. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of SWS in patients admitted to our Stroke Unit for an ischemic stroke and to look for the difference in outcome between patients treated or not with systemic thrombolysis by intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (IV-rtPA).
Among the 967 patients admitted to our Stroke Unit between April 2008 and January 2013 for ischemic stroke, we identified 18 patients with SWS. Nine patients underwent IV-rtPA (IV Group) and the other 9 (No IV Group) other therapies.
The prevalence of SWS in our population was 1.8%. The most common risk factors were hypertension and dyslipidemia in both groups. A good outcome at 3-month follow-up (modified Rankin Scale 0-2) was found in 3 patients (33%) in IV Group and in 5 patients (55%) in No IV Group.
SWS is an under-recognized syndrome. Intravenous rt-PA treatment seems to have lower efficacy than in other subtypes of strokes, but none of the patients with SWS undergoing treatment presented haemorrhagic transformation or other complications.
中风预警综合征（SWS）是一种罕见的中风病因，其特征为反复发作且短暂的短暂性局灶性神经功能缺损，最终导致梗死。根据临床发现和神经影像学检查，它可以是壳核型、桥脑型或胼胝体型。本研究旨在评估 SWS 在因缺血性中风而入住我们中风病房的患者中的患病率，并寻找接受或不接受静脉内重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂（IV-rtPA）全身溶栓治疗的患者在结局方面的差异。
在 2008 年 4 月至 2013 年 1 月期间因缺血性中风入住我们中风病房的 967 名患者中，我们确定了 18 名 SWS 患者。9 名患者接受了 IV-rtPA（IV 组）治疗，而另外 9 名（无 IV 组）接受了其他治疗。
SWS 在我们人群中的患病率为 1.8%。两组最常见的危险因素均为高血压和血脂异常。在 IV 组，3 名患者（33%）和无 IV 组，5 名患者（55%）在 3 个月随访时（改良 Rankin 量表 0-2）结局良好。
SWS 是一种认识不足的综合征。静脉内 rt-PA 治疗的效果似乎低于其他类型的中风，但接受 SWS 治疗的患者无一例出现出血性转化或其他并发症。
