Siebenrock Klaus A, Schwab Joseph M
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
J Pediatr Orthop. 2013 Jul-Aug;33 Suppl 1:S121-5. doi: 10.1097/BPO.0b013e3182771782.
Cam-type deformity of the proximal femur is a risk factor for the development of cam-type femoroacetabular impingement and a prearthrotic condition of the hip. The etiology of cam-type deformity remains unclear. There are a number of causes of cam-type deformity including sequellae of slipped capital femoral epiphysis, Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease or Perthes-like deformities, postinfectious, and traumatic. However, the majority of cam-type deformities arise without any apparent preexisting hip disease. These "idiopathic" cam-type deformities likely represent a majority of cases, and show clear racial and sex differences, as well as developmental and genetic influences. Idiopathic cam-type deformity also seems to be a distinct entity from residual or silent slipped capital femoral epiphysis, as well as osteoarthritis-induced osteophytes. In this paper we examine the different pathogenetic aspects of the proximal femur that contribute to cam-type deformity and/or symptomatic cam-type femoroacetabular impingement.
股骨近端凸轮型畸形是凸轮型股骨髋臼撞击症发生的危险因素，也是髋关节的关节前期病变。凸轮型畸形的病因尚不清楚。凸轮型畸形有多种原因，包括股骨头骨骺滑脱后遗症、Legg-Calvé-Perthes病或类Perthes畸形、感染后及创伤性因素。然而，大多数凸轮型畸形在没有任何明显的既往髋关节疾病的情况下出现。这些“特发性”凸轮型畸形可能占大多数病例，并表现出明显的种族和性别差异，以及发育和遗传影响。特发性凸轮型畸形似乎也与残留或无症状的股骨头骨骺滑脱以及骨关节炎引起的骨赘是不同的实体。在本文中，我们研究了导致凸轮型畸形和/或症状性凸轮型股骨髋臼撞击症的股骨近端不同发病机制方面。
