Laboratory of Plant Genetics, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawaoiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
Theor Appl Genet. 2013 Sep;126(9):2381-90. doi: 10.1007/s00122-013-2142-5. Epub 2013 Jun 14.
Gametocidal (Gc) chromosomes induce various types of chromosomal mutations during gametogenesis in the chromosomes of common wheat and alien chromosomes added to common wheat. However, it is not yet known whether the Gc chromosome causes aberrations at the nucleotide level because mutations caused by Gc chromosomes have been studied only by cytological screening. In order to know whether the Gc chromosome induces point mutations, we conducted PCR analysis and sequencing with the progeny of a common wheat line that is disomic for barley chromosome 2H and monosomic for Gc chromosome 2C. We analyzed 18 2H-specific EST sequences using 81 progeny plants carrying a cytologically normal-appearing 2H chromosome and found no nucleotide changes in the analyzed 1,419 sequences (in total 647,075 bp). During this analysis, we found six plants for which some ESTs could not be PCR amplified, suggesting the presence of chromosomal mutations in these plants. The cytological and PCR analyses of the progeny of the six plants confirmed the occurrence of chromosomal mutations in the parental plants. These results suggested that the Gc chromosome mostly induced chromosomal aberrations, not nucleotide changes, and that the Gc-induced chromosomal mutations in the six plants occurred after fertilization.
杀配子染色体（Gc）在普通小麦的配子发生过程中以及在普通小麦中添加的异源染色体中诱导各种类型的染色体突变。然而，目前尚不清楚 Gc 染色体是否会在核苷酸水平上引起异常，因为对 Gc 染色体引起的突变的研究仅通过细胞学筛选进行。为了了解 Gc 染色体是否诱导点突变，我们对一条具有大麦染色体 2H 二体和 Gc 染色体 2C 单体的普通小麦系的后代进行了 PCR 分析和测序。我们使用携带细胞学上正常的 2H 染色体的 81 个后代植物分析了 18 个 2H 特异性 EST 序列，并且在分析的 1419 个序列中（总计 647075bp）没有发现核苷酸变化。在该分析过程中，我们发现了六个植物，其中一些 EST 无法进行 PCR 扩增，这表明这些植物中存在染色体突变。六个植物后代的细胞学和 PCR 分析证实了亲本植物中存在染色体突变。这些结果表明，Gc 染色体主要诱导染色体异常，而不是核苷酸变化，并且在六个植物中 Gc 诱导的染色体突变发生在受精之后。
