M.B. MacLean, MA, Research Directorate, Veterans Affairs Canada, 161 Grafton St, PO Box 7700, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, C1A 8M9 Canada.
L. Van Til, DVM, MSc(Epi), Research Directorate, Veterans Affairs Canada.
Phys Ther. 2014 Aug;94(8):1186-95. doi: 10.2522/ptj.20120107. Epub 2013 Jun 13.
Adjustment to civilian life in Canadian veterans after release from military service has not been well studied.
The objectives of this study were: (1) to explore dimensions of postmilitary adjustment to civilian life and (2) to identify demographic and military service characteristics associated with difficult adjustment.
Data were analyzed from a national sample of 3,154 veterans released from the regular Canadian Forces during 1998 to 2007 in a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2010 called the Survey on Transition to Civilian Life.
The prevalence of difficult adjustment to civilian life for selected characteristics was analyzed descriptively, and confidence intervals were calculated at the 95% level. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify characteristics available at the time of release that were associated with difficult adjustment.
The prevalence of difficult adjustment to civilian life was 25%. Statistically significant differences were found across indicators of health, disability, and determinants of health. In multivariable regression, lower rank and medical, involuntary, mid-career, and Army release were associated with difficult adjustment, whereas sex, marital status, and number of deployments were not.
Findings cannot be generalized to all veterans because many characteristics were self-reported, important characteristics may have been omitted, and causality and association among health, disability, and determinants of health characteristics could not be determined.
Postmilitary adjustment to civilian life appears to be multidimensional, suggesting the need for multidisciplinary collaboration between physical therapists and other service providers to mitigate difficult transition. Potential risk and protective factors were identified that can inform interventions, outreach strategies, and screening activities, as well as further research.
加拿大退伍军人从军队退役后适应平民生活的情况尚未得到充分研究。
本研究的目的是：(1)探讨适应平民生活的后军事维度；(2)确定与适应困难相关的人口统计学和军事服务特征。
本研究对 2010 年进行的一项名为“向平民生活过渡调查”的横剖调查中，从 1998 年至 2007 年期间从加拿大正规部队退役的 3154 名退伍军人的全国样本中分析数据。
对选定特征的平民生活适应困难的流行率进行描述性分析，并在 95%置信区间计算。使用多变量逻辑回归分析确定与适应困难相关的可在退役时获得的特征。
平民生活适应困难的流行率为 25%。在健康、残疾和健康决定因素的指标方面存在显著差异。在多变量回归中，较低的军衔和医疗、非自愿、中期职业生涯和陆军退役与适应困难相关，而性别、婚姻状况和部署次数则不相关。
由于许多特征是自我报告的，可能遗漏了重要特征，并且无法确定健康、残疾和健康决定因素特征之间的因果关系和关联，因此研究结果无法推广到所有退伍军人。
适应平民生活的后军事似乎是多维度的，这表明物理治疗师和其他服务提供者之间需要多学科合作，以减轻困难的过渡。确定了潜在的风险和保护因素，可以为干预、外展策略和筛查活动以及进一步的研究提供信息。
