Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, Institute for Health and Aging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA ; Department of Family and Community Medicine, Institute for Health and Aging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
J Pain Res. 2013 May 28;6:403-18. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S42418. Print 2013.
Mind-body interactions play a major role in the prognosis of chronic pain, and mind-body therapies such as meditation, yoga, Tai Chi, and Feldenkrais presumably provide benefits for pain patients. The Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA) scales, designed to measure key aspects of mind-body interaction, were developed and validated with individuals practicing mind-body therapies, but have never been used in pain patients.
We administered the MAIA to primary care patients with past or current low back pain and explored differences in the performance of the MAIA scales between this and the original validation sample. We compared scale means, exploratory item cluster and confirmatory factor analyses, scale-scale correlations, and internal-consistency reliability between the two samples and explored correlations with validity measures.
Responses were analyzed from 435 patients, of whom 40% reported current pain. Cross-sectional comparison between the two groups showed marked differences in eight aspects of interoceptive awareness. Factor and cluster analyses generally confirmed the conceptual model with its eight dimensions in a pain population. Correlations with validity measures were in the expected direction. Internal-consistency reliability was good for six of eight MAIA scales. We provided specific suggestions for their further development.
Self-reported aspects of interoceptive awareness differ between primary care patients with past or current low back pain and mind-body trained individuals, suggesting further research is warranted on the question whether mind-body therapies can alter interoceptive attentional styles with pain. The MAIA may be useful in assessing changes in aspects of interoceptive awareness and in exploring the mechanism of action in trials of mind-body interventions in pain patients.
身心互动在慢性疼痛的预后中起着重要作用，冥想、瑜伽、太极和费登奎斯等身心疗法可能会为疼痛患者带来益处。多维内感受意识评估量表（MAIA）旨在衡量身心互动的关键方面，是针对练习身心疗法的个体开发和验证的，但从未在疼痛患者中使用过。
我们向有过去或现在的下背痛的初级保健患者施测 MAIA，并探索该量表在这两个样本中的表现与原始验证样本之间的差异。我们比较了两组的量表均值、探索性项目聚类和验证性因素分析、量表间相关性以及内部一致性信度，并探讨了与效标测量的相关性。
共分析了 435 名患者的反应，其中 40%的患者报告目前有疼痛。两组之间的横断面比较显示，在 8 个内感受意识方面存在明显差异。在疼痛人群中，因子和聚类分析通常都证实了其 8 个维度的概念模型。与效标测量的相关性呈预期方向。8 个 MAIA 量表中的 6 个具有良好的内部一致性信度。我们对其进一步发展提出了具体建议。
过去或现在有下背痛的初级保健患者和接受过身心训练的个体之间，自我报告的内感受意识方面存在差异，这表明需要进一步研究身心疗法是否可以改变疼痛患者的内感受注意模式。MAIA 可能有助于评估内感受意识方面的变化，并探索身心干预试验中作用机制。
