School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
Beilstein J Org Chem. 2013 Apr 17;9:743-53. doi: 10.3762/bjoc.9.84. Print 2013.
Precursors of 3-pyridylnitrene and 2- and 4-pyrimidinylcarbenes all afford mixtures of 2- and 3-cyanopyrroles on flash vacuum thermolysis, but 3-cyanopyrroles are the first-formed products. 3-Quinolylnitrenes and 4-quinazolinylcarbenes similarly afford 3-cyanoindoles. 2-Pyrimidinylcarbenes rearrange to 3-pyridylnitrenes, but 4-pyrimidinylcarbenes and 4-quinazolinylcarbenes do not necessarily rearrange to the corresponding 3-pyridylnitrenes or 3-quinolylnitrenes. The ring contraction reactions are interpreted in terms of ring opening of either the nitrenes or the diazacycloheptatetraenes to nitrile ylides.
3-吡啶基氮烯和 2-及 4-嘧啶基碳烯的前体在快速真空热解时都生成 2-和 3-氰基吡咯的混合物,但 3-氰基吡咯是首先形成的产物。3-喹啉基氮烯和 4-喹唑啉基碳烯同样生成 3-氰基吲哚。2-嘧啶基碳烯重排生成 3-吡啶基氮烯,但 4-嘧啶基碳烯和 4-喹唑啉基碳烯不一定重排生成相应的 3-吡啶基氮烯或 3-喹啉基氮烯。这些环收缩反应可以用氮烯或二氮杂环庚四烯的开环来解释,生成腈叶立德。