Prosperini Luca, Pozzilli Carlo
Multiple Sclerosis Centre, S. Andrea Hospital, Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University, Viale dell'Università, 30-00185 Rome, Italy.
Mult Scler Int. 2013;2013:756564. doi: 10.1155/2013/756564. Epub 2013 May 19.
Balance impairment and falls are frequent in patients with multiple sclerosis (PwMS), and they may occur even at the earliest stage of the disease and in minimally impaired patients. The introduction of computer-based force platform measures (i.e., static and dynamic posturography) has provided an objective and sensitive tool to document both deficits and improvements in balance. By using more challenging test conditions, force platform measures can also reveal subtle balance disorders undetectable by common clinical scales. Furthermore, posturographic techniques may also allow to reliably identify PwMS who are at risk of accidental falls. Although force platform measures offer several theoretical advantages, only few studies extensively investigated their role in better managing PwMS. Standardised procedures, as well as clinical relevance of changes detected by static or dynamic posturography, are still lacking. In this review, we summarized studies which investigated balance deficit by means of force platform measures, focusing on their ability in detecting patients at high risk of falls and in estimating rehabilitation-induced changes, highlighting the pros and the cons with respect to clinical scales.
平衡功能障碍和跌倒在多发性硬化症患者（PwMS）中很常见，甚至在疾病的最早阶段以及轻度受损的患者中也可能发生。基于计算机的测力平台测量方法（即静态和动态姿势描记法）的引入，为记录平衡功能的缺陷和改善情况提供了一种客观且灵敏的工具。通过使用更具挑战性的测试条件，测力平台测量还可以揭示普通临床量表无法检测到的细微平衡障碍。此外，姿势描记技术还可以可靠地识别有意外跌倒风险的PwMS。尽管测力平台测量具有一些理论优势，但只有少数研究广泛探讨了它们在更好地管理PwMS方面的作用。目前仍缺乏标准化程序以及静态或动态姿势描记法检测到的变化的临床相关性。在本综述中，我们总结了通过测力平台测量来研究平衡缺陷的研究，重点关注其检测跌倒高风险患者以及评估康复引起的变化的能力，同时强调其相对于临床量表的优缺点。
