Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Neuropsychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; International Graduate School of Neuroscience, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
Behav Brain Res. 2013 Oct 1;254:45-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2013.06.009. Epub 2013 Jun 13.
The structures of the medial temporal lobe, e.g., the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, perirhinal cortex, and parahippocampal cortex, are known to be essential for long-term memory processing and hence are labeled the medial temporal lobe memory system. Nevertheless, the exact contributions of each structure and the involvement in different cognitive processes remain controversial. This article discusses recent findings dealing with recognition memory and a long lasting involvement of the hippocampus and perirhinal cortex in episodic memory, based on functional imaging and lesion studies. Furthermore, a new paradigm employing objective manipulations of recollection and familiarity is presented, showing no anatomical distinction for these two processes, as opposed to studies using subjective ratings. Additionally, results regarding an involvement of the medial temporal lobe in visual processing are presented, in general supporting the visual-mnemonic theory. The discussed findings show that many questions regarding the functional organization remain unsolved, and that we are in need of further research to create a comprehensive model of the medial temporal lobe. For this, we might need to give up the distinctions into different cognitive processes and start to investigate the different types of representations that are processed by the medial temporal lobe.
内侧颞叶结构，例如海马体、内嗅皮层、旁嗅皮层和海马旁回，已知对长期记忆处理至关重要，因此被标记为内侧颞叶记忆系统。然而，每个结构的确切贡献以及在不同认知过程中的参与仍然存在争议。本文讨论了基于功能成像和损伤研究的关于识别记忆以及海马体和旁嗅皮层在情景记忆中长时间参与的最新发现。此外，提出了一种新的范式，该范式采用客观操纵回忆和熟悉度，与使用主观评分的研究相反，该范式表明这两个过程没有解剖学区别。此外，还介绍了内侧颞叶参与视觉处理的结果，总体上支持视觉记忆理论。讨论的结果表明，关于功能组织的许多问题仍然没有得到解决，我们需要进一步的研究来创建内侧颞叶的综合模型。为此，我们可能需要放弃对不同认知过程的区分，开始研究由内侧颞叶处理的不同类型的表示。
