Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China.
J Neuroinflammation. 2023 Nov 27;20(1):283. doi: 10.1186/s12974-023-02964-x.
As one of most common and severe mental disorders, major depressive disorder (MDD) significantly increases the risks of premature death and other medical conditions for patients. Neuroinflammation is the abnormal immune response in the brain, and its correlation with MDD is receiving increasing attention. Neuroinflammation has been reported to be involved in MDD through distinct neurobiological mechanisms, among which the dysregulation of neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus (HPC) is receiving increasing attention. The DG of the hippocampus is one of two niches for neurogenesis in the adult mammalian brain, and neurotrophic factors are fundamental regulators of this neurogenesis process. The reported cell types involved in mediating neuroinflammation include microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, meningeal leukocytes, and peripheral immune cells which selectively penetrate the blood-brain barrier and infiltrate into inflammatory regions. This review summarizes the functions of the hippocampus affected by neuroinflammation during MDD progression and the corresponding influences on the memory of MDD patients and model animals.
作为最常见和最严重的精神障碍之一，重度抑郁症（MDD）显著增加了患者过早死亡和其他疾病的风险。神经炎症是大脑中的异常免疫反应，其与 MDD 的相关性越来越受到关注。据报道，神经炎症通过不同的神经生物学机制与 MDD 有关，其中海马齿状回（DG）中的神经发生失调越来越受到关注。海马的 DG 是成年哺乳动物大脑中两个神经发生的龛位之一，神经营养因子是这个神经发生过程的基本调节因子。据报道，参与介导神经炎症的细胞类型包括小胶质细胞、星形胶质细胞、少突胶质细胞、脑膜白细胞和外周免疫细胞，它们选择性地穿透血脑屏障并浸润到炎症区域。这篇综述总结了 MDD 进展过程中神经炎症对海马功能的影响，以及对 MDD 患者和模型动物记忆的相应影响。
