National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Vaccine. 2013 Aug 12;31(36):3683-7. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.05.102. Epub 2013 Jun 13.
In line with the global goals for measles elimination, countries in the West Pacific Region (WPR) have set a goal to eliminate measles by 2012. Due to its contagiousness, high population immunity is needed for achieving and documenting measles elimination. We assessed population immunity to measles, mumps and rubella among first grade children in American Samoa (AS) through a seroprevalance study.
Using commercial indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbant IgG assays (Wampole Laboratories, Cranbury, NJ) we determined IgG antibodies against the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) viruses in sera collected from first grade students in AS in April-May 2011. Vaccination status was retrieved from the immunization cards. Factors associated with seropositivity of measles, mumps, and rubella were analyzed separately.
Among 509 first grade students, measles, mumps, and rubella seroprevalence were 92%, 90%, and 93%, respectively. The proportions of first grade students with documented one or two doses of MMR vaccine were 93% and 84%, respectively. The vaccination status of 6% of the first graders was unknown and 1% was unvaccinated. Receiving two-doses of MMR vaccines was associated with high measles and mumps seropositivity (p<0.01).
The high measles seroprevalence among children shows the progress by American Samoa towards measles elimination. Achieving and maintaining high two-dose MMR vaccine coverage in all age groups will aid in attaining the measles elimination status and prevent transmission of measles from potential imported measles cases from other countries.
为了实现全球消除麻疹的目标，西太平洋地区（WPR）各国设定了在 2012 年消除麻疹的目标。由于麻疹具有传染性，因此需要高人群免疫力来实现和记录麻疹的消除。我们通过血清流行率研究评估了美属萨摩亚（AS）一年级儿童对麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹的人群免疫力。
使用商业间接酶联免疫吸附 IgG 检测试剂盒（Wampole 实验室，新泽西州克兰伯里），我们测定了 2011 年 4 月至 5 月从 AS 一年级学生采集的血清中针对麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹（MMR）病毒的 IgG 抗体。疫苗接种情况从免疫卡中检索。分别分析了与麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹血清阳性相关的因素。
在 509 名一年级学生中，麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹的血清阳性率分别为 92%、90%和 93%。有记录的一剂或两剂 MMR 疫苗的一年级学生比例分别为 93%和 84%。6%的一年级学生的疫苗接种情况未知，1%的学生未接种疫苗。接种两剂 MMR 疫苗与麻疹和腮腺炎高血清阳性率相关（p<0.01）。
儿童中麻疹的高血清阳性率表明美属萨摩亚在消除麻疹方面取得了进展。在所有年龄组中实现并保持高两剂 MMR 疫苗覆盖率将有助于实现麻疹消除状态，并防止来自其他国家的潜在输入性麻疹病例传播麻疹。
