Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA,
Photosynth Res. 2013 Nov;117(1-3):121-31. doi: 10.1007/s11120-013-9865-7. Epub 2013 Jun 18.
This review presents an overview of the two ways that cyanobacteria, algae, and plants have adapted to high O2 and low CO2 concentrations in the environment. First, the process of photorespiration enables photosynthetic organisms to recycle phosphoglycolate formed by the oxygenase reaction catalyzed by ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco). Second, there are a number of carbon concentrating mechanisms that increase the CO2 concentration around Rubisco which increases the carboxylase reaction enhancing CO2 fixation. This review also presents possibilities for the beneficial modification of these processes with the goal of improving future crop yields.
本综述介绍了蓝藻、藻类和植物适应环境中高氧和低二氧化碳浓度的两种方式。首先，光呼吸过程使光合生物能够回收由核酮糖-1,5-二磷酸羧化酶/加氧酶（Rubisco）催化的加氧酶反应形成的磷酸甘油酸。其次，有许多碳浓缩机制可以增加 Rubisco 周围的 CO2 浓度，从而增强羧化酶反应，提高 CO2 固定。本综述还提出了对这些过程进行有益修饰的可能性，以期提高未来作物的产量。
