The Robert H Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture and The Otto Warburg Minerva Center for Agricultural Biotechnology, Hebrew University, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
Plant Cell. 2013 Jun;25(6):2070-83. doi: 10.1105/tpc.113.113035. Epub 2013 Jun 14.
Flexible maturation rates underlie part of the diversity of leaf shape, and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) leaves are compound due to prolonged organogenic activity of the leaf margin. The CINCINNATA-teosinte branched1, cycloidea, PCF (CIN-TCP) transcription factor lanceolate (LA) restricts this organogenic activity and promotes maturation. Here, we show that tomato APETALA1/fruitfull (AP1/FUL) MADS box genes are involved in tomato leaf development and are repressed by LA. AP1/FUL expression is correlated negatively with LA activity and positively with the organogenic activity of the leaf margin. LA binds to the promoters of the AP1/FUL genes MBP20 and TM4. Overexpression of MBP20 suppressed the simple-leaf phenotype resulting from upregulation of LA activity or from downregulation of class I knotted like homeobox (KNOXI) activity. Overexpression of a dominant-negative form of MBP20 led to leaf simplification and partly suppressed the increased leaf complexity of plants with reduced LA activity or increased KNOXI activity. Tomato plants overexpressing miR319, a negative regulator of several CIN-TCP genes including LA, flower with fewer leaves via an SFT-dependent pathway, suggesting that miR319-sensitive CIN-TCPs delay flowering in tomato. These results identify a role for AP1/FUL genes in vegetative development and show that leaf and plant maturation are regulated via partially independent mechanisms.
叶片形状的多样性部分归因于叶片的灵活成熟速率,而番茄(Solanum lycopersicum)叶片是复叶,这是由于叶片边缘的器官发生活性延长所致。CINCINNATA-teosinte branched1、cycloidea、PCF(CIN-TCP)转录因子lanceolate(LA)限制了这种器官发生活性,并促进成熟。在这里,我们表明番茄 APETALA1/fruitfull(AP1/FUL)MADS 盒基因参与番茄叶片发育,并受 LA 抑制。AP1/FUL 的表达与 LA 活性呈负相关,与叶片边缘的器官发生活性呈正相关。LA 与 AP1/FUL 基因 MBP20 和 TM4 的启动子结合。MBP20 的过表达抑制了由于 LA 活性上调或 I 类 knotted like homeobox(KNOXI)活性下调而导致的简单叶表型。MBP20 的显性负形式的过表达导致叶片简化,并部分抑制了 LA 活性降低或 KNOXI 活性增加的植物中增加的叶片复杂性。过表达 miR319 的番茄植株通过 SFT 依赖性途径开更少叶的花,miR319 是包括 LA 在内的几个 CIN-TCP 基因的负调节剂,这表明 miR319 敏感的 CIN-TCP 延迟了番茄的开花。这些结果确定了 AP1/FUL 基因在营养发育中的作用,并表明叶片和植物的成熟是通过部分独立的机制来调节的。