Department of Psychology, Concordia University.
Psychol Aging. 2013 Sep;28(3):875-85. doi: 10.1037/a0032730. Epub 2013 Jun 17.
A 6-year longitudinal study of 180 older adults (M age at baseline = 72.12 years) examined whether goal adjustment capacities (i.e., goal disengagement and goal reengagement) moderate the associations between transient and long-term longitudinal changes in social support partners with social support satisfaction. Results from hierarchical linear models show that high levels of, and increases in, goal disengagement capacities buffered the adverse effect of transient declines in perceptions of social support partners on satisfaction with social support. Moreover, increases in goal disengagement buffered the effect of long-term longitudinal declines in perceived social support on reduced levels of social support satisfaction. However, when participants perceived longitudinal increases in the number of social support partners, low levels of, and declines in, goal reengagement capacities were associated with high levels or increases in social support satisfaction. This pattern of findings suggests that goal disengagement can ameliorate social support satisfaction if older adults perceive a reduction in their social support network. Withdrawing from engagement in new goals, by contrast, may contribute to social support satisfaction if older adults perceive an increase in the number of social support partners.
一项针对 180 名老年人（基线时的平均年龄为 72.12 岁）的 6 年纵向研究考察了目标调整能力（即目标脱离和目标重新参与）是否会调节社会支持伙伴的短暂和长期纵向变化与社会支持满意度之间的关联。层次线性模型的结果表明，高水平和增加的目标脱离能力缓冲了对社会支持伙伴感知的短暂下降对社会支持满意度的不利影响。此外，目标脱离能力的增加缓冲了长期纵向感知社会支持下降对社会支持满意度降低的影响。然而，当参与者感知到社会支持伙伴数量的长期增加时，低水平和目标重新参与的下降与高水平或增加的社会支持满意度相关。这些发现模式表明，如果老年人认为自己的社会支持网络减少，目标脱离可以改善社会支持满意度。相比之下，如果老年人认为社会支持伙伴的数量增加，那么退出新目标的参与可能会有助于提高社会支持满意度。
