Instituto de Investigación Médica M. y M. Ferreyra (CONICET-UNC), Córdoba, 5016, Argentina.
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2013 Dec;230(3):389-98. doi: 10.1007/s00213-013-3163-0. Epub 2013 Jun 18.
It is important to study age-related differences that may put adolescents at risk for alcohol-related problems. Adolescents seem less sensitive to the aversive effects of ethanol than adults. Less is known of appetitive effects of ethanol and stress modulation of these effects.
This study aims to describe the effects of acute social or restraint stress on ethanol-precipitated locomotor activity (LMA), in adolescent and adult rats. Effects of activation of the kappa system on ethanol-induced LMA were also evaluated.
Adolescent or adult rats were restrained for 90 min, exposed to social deprivation stress for 90 or 180 min or administered with the kappa agonist U62,066E before being given ethanol, and assessed for LMA.
Adolescents were significantly more sensitive to the stimulating, and less sensitive to the sedative, effects of ethanol than adults. Basal locomotion was significantly increased by social deprivation stress in adult, but not in adolescent, rats. U62,066E significantly reduced basal and ethanol-induced locomotion in the adolescents. Corticosterone and progesterone levels were significantly higher in adolescents than in adults.
Adolescents exhibit greater sensitivity to ethanol-induced LMA and reduced sensitivity to ethanol-induced motor sedation than adult rats. Ethanol's effects on motor activity were not affected by acute stress. Unlike adults, adolescents were insensitive to acute restraint and social deprivation stress but exhibited motor depression after activation of the endogenous kappa opioid receptor system.
研究可能使青少年面临酒精相关问题风险的与年龄相关的差异很重要。与成年人相比，青少年对乙醇的厌恶效应似乎不那么敏感。对于乙醇的食欲效应以及这些效应的应激调节，人们知之甚少。
本研究旨在描述急性社交或束缚应激对青少年和成年大鼠乙醇诱发的运动活动（LMA）的影响。还评估了κ 系统激活对乙醇诱导的 LMA 的影响。
将青少年或成年大鼠束缚 90 分钟，使它们经历社交剥夺应激 90 或 180 分钟，或在给予乙醇之前给予 κ 激动剂 U62,066E，并评估 LMA。
与成年人相比，青少年对乙醇的刺激作用更为敏感，对镇静作用的敏感性降低。社交剥夺应激可显著增加成年大鼠的基础运动，但不能增加青少年大鼠的基础运动。U62,066E 可显著减少青少年和成年大鼠的基础和乙醇诱导的运动。与成年人相比，青少年的皮质酮和孕酮水平明显更高。
与成年大鼠相比，青少年对乙醇诱导的 LMA 更为敏感，对乙醇诱导的运动镇静作用的敏感性降低。急性应激对乙醇对运动活动的影响没有影响。与成年人不同，青少年对急性束缚和社交剥夺应激不敏感，但在激活内源性 κ 阿片受体系统后表现出运动抑制。
