Massimo Tanja, Blank Cornelia, Strasser Barbara, Schobersberger Wolfgang
Institute for Sports Medicine, Alpine Medicine & Health Tourism, University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology (UMIT), Hall in Tirol, Innsbruck, Austria.
Sleep Breath. 2014 Mar;18(1):195-206. doi: 10.1007/s11325-013-0870-z. Epub 2013 Jun 18.
Allergic bronchial asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide. For many years, the climate at moderate altitude has been used as an alternative therapy for patients suffering from bronchial asthma. The aim of such therapy is to reduce the medication dose and to improve the quality of life for each patient. The aim of our current work was to assess published data evaluating the effects of climate therapy at moderate altitude on the health status of patients with bronchial asthma. The health status is represented through surrogate parameters for the pulmonary function (forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)), bronchial hyperresponsiveness (PC20), and inflammation (total number of eosinophils, eosinophilic cationic protein, and exhaled nitric oxide).
Our systematic review included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and single-armed studies with adults and children participating. Included in our review were climate therapies occurring at moderate altitudes between 1,500 and 2,500 m and evaluation of patient FEV1 or PC20 values.
A literature research in MEDLINE and EMBASE identified three RCTs, two clinically controlled trials, and 15 single-armed studies. Analysis revealed a lack of evidence regarding the moderate altitude therapy arising from small sample sizes, deficits in documentation, and heterogeneous results. Most of the studies, however, showed a tendency for improvement of the analyzed parameters.
The currently available data do not allow for valid and generalizable recommendations with respect to moderate altitude therapy for patients with allergic bronchial asthma. There is a need for additional, qualitatively strong research including larger sample sizes and randomized, controlled trial design.
过敏性支气管哮喘是全球最常见的慢性病之一。多年来，中等海拔气候一直被用作支气管哮喘患者的替代疗法。这种疗法的目的是减少药物剂量并改善每位患者的生活质量。我们当前研究的目的是评估已发表的数据，这些数据评估了中等海拔气候疗法对支气管哮喘患者健康状况的影响。健康状况通过肺功能（一秒用力呼气量（FEV1））、支气管高反应性（PC20）和炎症（嗜酸性粒细胞总数、嗜酸性阳离子蛋白和呼出一氧化氮）的替代参数来体现。
我们的系统评价纳入了成人和儿童参与的随机对照试验（RCT）和单臂研究。我们的评价纳入了海拔1500至2500米之间的中等海拔气候疗法以及对患者FEV1或PC20值的评估。
对MEDLINE和EMBASE的文献检索发现了三项RCT、两项临床对照试验和15项单臂研究。分析表明，由于样本量小、记录缺陷和结果异质性，缺乏关于中等海拔疗法的证据。然而，大多数研究显示所分析参数有改善的趋势。
目前可得的数据无法就过敏性支气管哮喘患者的中等海拔疗法给出有效且可推广的建议。需要进行更多高质量的研究，包括更大样本量以及随机对照试验设计。
