Bashir Haamid, Farooq Rabia, Bhat Mohammad Hayat, Majid Sabhiya
Department of Biochemistry, Govt Medical College, Srinagar, India.
Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2013 Mar;17(2):276-80. doi: 10.4103/2230-8210.109709.
Iodine-rich diet is necessary for proper thyroid gland function. Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is associated with serious complications. Substantial numbers of patients have risk of SCH getting converted into primary hypothyroidism.
The objectives of the present study are to survey dietary iodine intake pattern in ethnic population of Kashmir and to study the prevalence of SCH.
A retrospective, cross-sectional referral hospital study was conducted. Sample size comprised of 2550 patients who were referred to Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical college, Srinagar diagnostic laboratory from OPD and IPD of associated SMHS hospital. Assessment of thyroid function over a period of one year from March 2010 to March 2011 in the serum has been performed by electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay method on ECLIA 2010 fully automatic analyzer. Interview cum questionnaire methods were used to record the patient history and dietary iodine intake pattern. Iodine status of these patients was assessed by measuring urinary iodine excretion.
Total patients were 2550 comprising of 44.6% males and 56.4% females. Subjects with elevated and normal thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in the serum were 30.51 and 69.4% respectively. About 550 patients (21.56%) had subclinical hypothyroidism which includes both males and females. Prevalence of SCH was more in females (81.8%) than in males (18.2%). Most of the patients presenting with SCH were in the age group of 20-65 years.
The percentage of SCH amongst the study sample patients was 21.56%, which is much higher as compared to other parts of the world. The highest percentage of SCH was found in females (81.8%) as compared to males (18.2%). On the basis of the present study, we suggest that routine screening of selected populations, especially women between 20 and 65 years of age, may be advocated. Further community level awareness programs need to be organized wherein people in mountainous valley of Kashmir are motivated to take salt in iodized form and diet rich in iodine to ensure proper thyroid gland functioning.
富含碘的饮食对于甲状腺的正常功能至关重要。亚临床甲状腺功能减退（SCH）与严重并发症相关。大量患者存在SCH转变为原发性甲状腺功能减退的风险。
本研究的目的是调查克什米尔地区少数民族人群的膳食碘摄入模式，并研究SCH的患病率。
进行了一项回顾性横断面转诊医院研究。样本包括2550名患者，这些患者是从相关SMHS医院的门诊和住院部转诊至斯利那加政府医学院生物化学系诊断实验室的。2010年3月至2011年3月期间，采用电化学发光免疫分析法在ECLIA 2010全自动分析仪上对血清中的甲状腺功能进行了为期一年的评估。采用访谈兼问卷调查的方法记录患者病史和膳食碘摄入模式。通过测量尿碘排泄来评估这些患者的碘状态。
总患者数为2550人，其中男性占44.6%，女性占56.4%。血清中促甲状腺激素（TSH）水平升高和正常的受试者分别占30.51%和69.4%。约550名患者（21.56%）患有亚临床甲状腺功能减退，包括男性和女性。SCH的患病率女性（81.8%）高于男性（18.2%）。大多数患有SCH的患者年龄在20至65岁之间。
研究样本患者中SCH的百分比为21.56%，与世界其他地区相比要高得多。与男性（18.2%）相比，女性中SCH的百分比最高（81.8%）。基于本研究，我们建议提倡对特定人群，尤其是20至65岁的女性进行常规筛查。需要进一步组织社区层面的宣传项目，激励克什米尔山区谷地的人们食用加碘盐和富含碘的饮食，以确保甲状腺的正常功能。
