Delrio A N, Fadda M
Istituti di Anatomia umana normale, Università di Sassari.
Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper. 1990 Mar;66(3):209-14.
The purpose of this study was to identify, by the scanning electron microscopy, the behaviour of the different cell types in the normal human synovial intima, in order to obtain information useful for interpreting pathological changes in the synovium. Our observations revealed that, in numerous areas of the synovial membrane (adipose or fibrous type), the synoviocytes were dispersed and the intercellular matrix, covered only by the cytoplasmic processes of cells deeply located, was in direct contact with the joint cavity. In the areolar type of the synovium the synoviocytes were more numerous; they tended to concentrate to give the appearance of a continuous tissue; but between the cells very large intercellular spaces were usually present. In this latter membrane type we identified the two main cellular types of the synoviocytes: A and B. B-synoviocytes were the predominant cell type of the synovium. These cells were characterized by long cytoplasmic processes, perpendicularly directed towards the joint cavity. Both the cellular body and the cytoplasmic processes were covered by small blebs and vesicles of various size. The A-synoviocytes were a small minority, rarely dispersed between the B-synoviocytes. They were characterized by numerous membrane infoldings which delimited intracellular canaliculi of various depth. Our ultrastructural observations demonstrated that, in normal conditions, the B-synoviocyte must be considered as a constitutive element which characterized the synovial intima, responsible for the specific structure of the interstitial tissue and for the regulation of the composition of the synovial fluid.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
本研究的目的是通过扫描电子显微镜鉴定正常人体滑膜内膜中不同细胞类型的行为，以便获取有助于解释滑膜病理变化的有用信息。我们的观察结果显示，在滑膜的许多区域（脂肪型或纤维型），滑膜细胞分散，细胞间基质仅被深层细胞的细胞质突起覆盖，与关节腔直接接触。在疏松结缔组织型滑膜中，滑膜细胞数量更多；它们倾向于聚集，呈现出连续组织的外观；但细胞之间通常存在非常大的细胞间隙。在这种后一种膜类型中，我们鉴定出了滑膜细胞的两种主要细胞类型：A 型和 B 型。B 型滑膜细胞是滑膜的主要细胞类型。这些细胞的特征是有长的细胞质突起，垂直指向关节腔。细胞体和细胞质突起都被各种大小的小泡和囊泡覆盖。A 型滑膜细胞占少数，很少分散在 B 型滑膜细胞之间。它们的特征是有许多膜褶皱，界定了不同深度的细胞内小管。我们的超微结构观察表明，在正常情况下，B 型滑膜细胞必须被视为构成滑膜内膜的一种成分，它决定了间质组织的特定结构以及滑膜液成分的调节。（摘要截断于250字）
