Merkel Tod J, Perera Pin-Yu, Lee Gloria M, Verma Anita, Hiroi Toyoko, Yokote Hiroyuki, Waldmann Thomas A, Perera Liyanage P
Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research; Food and Drug Administration; Bethesda, MD USA.
Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2013 Sep;9(9):1841-8. doi: 10.4161/hv.25337. Epub 2013 Jun 20.
An intense effort has been launched to develop improved anthrax vaccines that confer rapid, long lasting protection preferably with an extended stability profile amenable for stockpiling. Protective antigen (PA)-based vaccines are most favored as immune responses directed against PA are singularly protective, although the actual protective mechanism remains to be unraveled. Herein we show that contrary to the prevailing view, an efficacious PA-based vaccine confers protection against inhalation anthrax by preventing the establishment of a toxin-releasing systemic infection. Equally importantly, antibodies measured by the in vitro lethal toxin neutralization activity assay (TNA) that is considered as a reliable correlate of protection, especially for PA protein-based vaccines adjuvanted with aluminum salts appear to be not absolutely essential for this protective immune response.
人们已经付出巨大努力来研发改良型炭疽疫苗，这种疫苗能提供快速、持久的保护，最好具有更稳定的特性以便储存。基于保护性抗原（PA）的疫苗最受青睐，因为针对PA的免疫反应具有独特的保护作用，尽管实际的保护机制仍有待阐明。在此我们表明，与普遍观点相反，一种有效的基于PA的疫苗通过防止毒素释放的全身感染的建立来提供针对吸入性炭疽的保护。同样重要的是，通过体外致死毒素中和活性测定（TNA）测量的抗体，被认为是保护的可靠关联指标，特别是对于用铝盐佐剂的基于PA蛋白的疫苗而言，这些抗体似乎并非这种保护性免疫反应的绝对必要条件。
