University of Texas School of Public Health, Dallas Regional Campus, Dallas, Texas.
Center for Research Methods and Data Analysis, Lawrence.
Am J Prev Med. 2013 Jul;45(1):83-90. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2013.02.021.
Despite representing nearly 20% of the U.S. population, individuals with disabilities are invisible in obesity surveillance and intervention efforts.
The current study (1) compares obesity and extreme obesity prevalence between Americans with and without disabilities and (2) examines the association between BMI category and weight-related chronic disease risk factors in both groups.
In 2012, six waves of data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 1999-2010) were pooled to compare the prevalence of obesity and extreme obesity between adults (aged ≥20 years, N=31,990) with disabilities (n=11,556) versus without disabilities (n= 20,434). Chronic disease risk factors (blood pressure, lipids, C-reactive protein [CRP], glucose) were compared across weight categories, by disability severity, and disability status.
Obesity (41.6%) and extreme obesity (9.3%) prevalence among those with disabilities were significantly higher than they were among those without disabilities (29.2% and 3.9%, respectively). Disability severity and disability status negatively affected nearly all chronic disease risk factors. Additionally, there was a disability-by-weight interaction: people with disabilities at all weight categories were significantly more likely to report being told they had hypertension, high cholesterol, or diabetes and to have been prescribed antihypertensive and lipid-lowering medications.
The prevalence of obesity (41.6%) and extreme obesity (9.3%) found in individuals with disabilities is high. When compared to obese adults without disabilities, obese adults with disabilities are more likely to have diabetes, high cholesterol, hypertension, and higher CRP. Thus, the study provides convincing evidence of obesity-related health disparities between Americans with and without disabilities.
尽管残疾人士占美国总人口的近 20%，但他们在肥胖症监测和干预工作中却未被关注。
本研究（1）比较了美国残疾人士和非残疾人士的肥胖症和极度肥胖症的患病率，（2）调查了两组人群的 BMI 类别与与体重相关的慢性疾病风险因素之间的关联。
在 2012 年，将来自国家健康和营养检查调查（NHANES，1999-2010 年）的六个波次的数据进行了汇总，以比较残疾成年人（年龄≥20 岁，n=11556）与非残疾成年人（n=20434）之间肥胖症和极度肥胖症的患病率。按残疾严重程度和残疾状况，比较了各体重类别下的慢性疾病风险因素（血压、血脂、C 反应蛋白[CRP]、血糖）。
残疾人士中肥胖症（41.6%）和极度肥胖症（9.3%）的患病率明显高于非残疾人士（分别为 29.2%和 3.9%）。残疾严重程度和残疾状况对几乎所有的慢性疾病风险因素都有负面影响。此外，体重与残疾之间存在交互作用：各个体重类别的残疾人士报告患有高血压、高胆固醇或糖尿病以及被开处降压和降脂药物的可能性明显更高。
残疾人士中肥胖症（41.6%）和极度肥胖症（9.3%）的患病率较高。与非残疾肥胖成年人相比，肥胖残疾成年人更有可能患有糖尿病、高胆固醇、高血压和 CRP 更高。因此，该研究为残疾人士和非残疾人士之间与肥胖相关的健康差距提供了有力的证据。
