National Institute for Health and Welfare and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Nov;209(5):443.e1-443.e10. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2013.06.028. Epub 2013 Jun 19.
Preterm birth at very low birthweight (<1500 g) is associated with cardiometabolic risk factors and reduced bone mineral density in the adult offspring. Preeclampsia is a frequent cause of preterm birth and is also associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in the offspring. Whether it is associated with bone mineral density is not known.
We evaluated skeletal health in participants of the Helsinki Study of Very Low Birthweight Adults: 144 born at very low birthweight and 139 born at term. From the very low birthweight and term offspring a respective 32 and 11 were born from pregnancy complicated by preeclampsia. We measured bone mineral density at age 18.5 to 27.1 years by dual X-ray absorptiometry.
Very low birthweight adults exposed to maternal preeclampsia had higher lumbar spine Z score (mean -0.44, compared with -1.07 in very low birthweight unexposed adults, P = .002), femoral neck Z score (-0.05 vs -0.53, P = .003) and whole body bone mineral density Z score (-0.14 vs -0.72, P = .001). Corresponding Z scores for those born at term were -0.02 (preeclampsia) and -0.45 (no preeclampsia) for lumbar spine (P = .2), 0.78 and 0.08 for femoral neck (P = .02) and 0.02 and -0.31 for whole body bone mineral density Z score (P = .08). The results survived adjustment for offspring current height, body mass index, leisure time physical activity, socioeconomic position, smoking, and maternal smoking during pregnancy, and maternal prepregnancy body mass index.
Young adults exposed to maternal preeclampsia have higher bone mineral density than those not exposed. This difference is seen among those born at very low birthweight and seems also to be present among those born at term.
极低出生体重（<1500 克）的早产儿与成年后代的心血管代谢危险因素和骨密度降低有关。子痫前期是早产的常见原因，也与后代的心血管代谢危险因素有关。但它是否与骨密度有关尚不清楚。
我们评估了赫尔辛基极低出生体重成年人研究中的参与者的骨骼健康状况：144 名出生时极低出生体重，139 名足月出生。极低出生体重和足月出生的后代中，分别有 32 名和 11 名来自于妊娠合并子痫前期的孕妇。我们通过双能 X 线吸收法在 18.5 至 27.1 岁时测量骨密度。
暴露于母亲子痫前期的极低出生体重成年人的腰椎 Z 评分较高（平均-0.44，与未暴露于极低出生体重的成年人相比为-1.07，P=0.002），股骨颈 Z 评分（-0.05 与-0.53，P=0.003）和全身骨密度 Z 评分（-0.14 与-0.72，P=0.001）。足月出生的相应 Z 评分分别为-0.02（子痫前期）和-0.45（无子痫前期）的腰椎（P=0.2），0.78 和 0.08 的股骨颈（P=0.02）和 0.02 和-0.31 的全身骨密度 Z 评分（P=0.08）。这些结果在调整后代当前身高、体重指数、休闲时间体力活动、社会经济地位、吸烟和母亲怀孕期间吸烟以及母亲孕前体重指数后仍然存在。
暴露于母亲子痫前期的年轻成年人的骨密度高于未暴露者。这种差异在极低出生体重出生的人群中可见，似乎也存在于足月出生的人群中。
