Anderson Ethan M, Mills Richard, Nolan Todd A, Jenkins Alan C, Mustafa Golam, Lloyd Chris, Caudle Robert M, Neubert John K
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Florida College of Dentistry.
J Vis Exp. 2013 Jun 10(76):e50336. doi: 10.3791/50336.
We present an operant system for the detection of pain in awake, conscious rodents. The Orofacial Pain Assessment Device (OPAD) assesses pain behaviors in a more clinically relevant way by not relying on reflex-based measures of nociception. Food fasted, hairless (or shaved) rodents are placed into a Plexiglas chamber which has two Peltier-based thermodes that can be programmed to any temperature between 7 °C and 60 °C. The rodent is trained to make contact with these in order to access a reward bottle. During a session, a number of behavioral pain outcomes are automatically recorded and saved. These measures include the number of reward bottle activations (licks) and facial contact stimuli (face contacts), but custom measures like the lick/face ratio (total number of licks per session/total number of contacts) can also be created. The stimulus temperature can be set to a single temperature or multiple temperatures within a session. The OPAD is a high-throughput, easy to use operant assay which will lead to better translation of pain research in the future as it includes cortical input instead of relying on spinal reflex-based nociceptive assays.
我们提出了一种用于检测清醒、有意识啮齿动物疼痛的操作性系统。口腔面部疼痛评估装置（OPAD）通过不依赖基于反射的伤害感受测量方法，以更符合临床实际的方式评估疼痛行为。将禁食食物、无毛（或剃毛）的啮齿动物放入一个有机玻璃箱中，该箱有两个基于珀尔帖效应的热电极，可将其编程设置为7°C至60°C之间的任何温度。训练啮齿动物与这些热电极接触以获取奖励瓶。在一次实验过程中，会自动记录并保存一些行为性疼痛结果。这些测量指标包括奖励瓶启动次数（舔舐次数）和面部接触刺激次数（面部接触次数），但也可以创建诸如舔舐/面部接触比率（每次实验的舔舐总数/接触总数）等自定义测量指标。刺激温度可以设置为单次实验中的单一温度或多个温度。OPAD是一种高通量、易于使用的操作性检测方法，由于它纳入了皮质输入，而不是依赖基于脊髓反射的伤害感受检测方法，这将在未来使疼痛研究得到更好的转化。
