National Sedimentation Laboratory, USDA-ARS , PO Box 1157, Oxford, MS 38655, USA.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2013 Oct;65(3):474-85. doi: 10.1007/s00244-013-9927-z. Epub 2013 Jun 23.
We assessed the capability of a constructed wetland to mitigate toxicity of a variety of possible mixtures, such as nutrients only (NO) (nitrogen [N], phosphorus [P]), pesticides only (PO) (atrazine, S-metolachlor, permethrin), and nutrients + pesticides on phytoplankton chlorophyll-a, on 48-h aqueous Hyalella azteca survival and 10-day sediment H. azteca survival and growth. Water and sediment were collected at 10-, 20-, and 40-m distances from inflow and analyzed for nutrients, pesticides, chlorophyll-a, and H. azteca laboratory bioassays. Phytoplankton chlorophyll-a increased 4- to 10 -fold at 7 days after NO treatment. However, responses of chlorophyll-a to PO and nutrients + pesticides were more complex with associated decreases at only 20 m for pesticides only and 10 and 40 m for nutrients + pesticides treatments. H. azteca aqueous survival decreased within the first 48 h of dosing at 10- and 20-m distances during PO and nutrients + pesticides treatments in association with permethrin concentrations. H. azteca sediment survival was unaffected, whereas 10-day growth decreased within 1 day of dosing at all sites during nutrients + pesticides treatment. Constructed wetlands were shown to be an effective agricultural best-management tool for trapping pollutants and mitigating ecological impacts of run-off in agricultural watersheds.
我们评估了人工湿地缓解多种可能混合物毒性的能力，例如仅营养物（NO）（氮 [N]、磷 [P]）、仅农药（PO）（莠去津、S-甲草氯、氯菊酯）以及营养物+农药对浮游植物叶绿素-a 的影响，对 48 小时水培 Hyalella azteca 生存和 10 天沉积物 H. azteca 生存和生长的影响。在距离入口 10、20 和 40 米处采集水和沉积物，并分析营养物、农药、叶绿素-a 和 H. azteca 实验室生物测定。在 NO 处理后 7 天，浮游植物叶绿素-a 增加了 4 到 10 倍。然而，叶绿素-a 对 PO 和营养物+农药的反应更为复杂，仅在 20 米处出现农药单独处理的下降，在 10 和 40 米处出现营养物+农药处理的下降。在 PO 和营养物+农药处理期间，在 10 和 20 米距离处，H. azteca 在 48 小时内的水培生存能力在 48 小时内下降，这与氯菊酯浓度有关。H. azteca 沉积物生存能力未受影响，而在所有地点的营养物+农药处理中，10 天的生长在给药后 1 天内下降。人工湿地被证明是一种有效的农业最佳管理工具，可用于捕获污染物并减轻农业流域径流的生态影响。
