Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Nussallee 6, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
Chembiochem. 2013 Jul 22;14(11):1363-71. doi: 10.1002/cbic.201300268. Epub 2013 Jun 21.
Unlike their terrestrial counterparts, marine myxobacteria are hardly investigated for their secondary metabolites. This study describes three new compounds (1-3), named salimyxins and enhygrolides, obtained from the obligate marine myxobacterium Enhygromyxa salina. These are the first natural products obtained from Enhygromyxa species. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis, including NMR and CD spectroscopy. Enhygrolides are closely related to the nostoclides, which were initially isolated from a cyanobacterium of the genus Nostoc. The salimyxins, representing structurally most unusual degraded sterols, are close to identical to demethylincisterol from the sponge Homaxinella sp. Salimyxin B and enhygrolide A inhibit the growth of the Gram-positive bacterium Arthrobacter cristallopoietes (MIC salimyxin B, 8 μg mL⁻¹; enhygrolide A, 4 μg mL⁻¹).
与陆生粘细菌相比，海洋粘细菌的次生代谢产物几乎没有得到研究。本研究从海洋专性粘细菌盐沼盐单胞菌中分离得到三种新化合物（1-3），命名为沙利霉素和 Enhygrolides。它们是首次从 Enhygromyxa 属获得的天然产物。通过包括 NMR 和 CD 光谱在内的光谱分析确定了它们的结构。 Enhygrolides 与 Nostoclides 密切相关，Nostoclides 最初是从念珠藻属的一种蓝藻中分离得到的。沙利霉素是结构上最不寻常的降解甾醇，与海绵 Homaxinella sp. 的去甲甲藻甾醇极为相似。沙利霉素 B 和 Enhygrolide A 抑制革兰氏阳性菌节杆菌（MIC 沙利霉素 B，8 μg mL⁻¹； Enhygrolide A，4 μg mL⁻¹）的生长。
