伊朗亚兹德足月新生儿听力障碍的发生率
Frequency of Hearing Impairment among Full-term Newborns in Yazd, Iran.
作者信息
Islami Zia, Baradaranfar Mohammad-Hossein, Mehrparvar Amir-Houshang, Mollasadeghi Abolfazl, Mostaghaci Mehrdad, Naghshineh Elham
机构信息
Department of pediatrics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
出版信息
Iran J Pediatr. 2013 Jun;23(3):349-52.
OBJECTIVE
Permanent congenital hearing loss, a common congenital anomaly, may affect speech and language acquisition, academic achievement and social development. Current standards emphasize early recognition of congenital hearing loss. This study was conducted to find the prevalence of hearing impairment in term newborns in Yazd, Iran.
METHODS
This was a descriptive-analytic study conducted in Yazd on 7250 term newborns. Otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) test was performed in all newborns during the first 24 hours after birth. Those who failed to respond at the first step were retested 15 days later. Those who failed to respond at the second step too, were tested by acoustic brainstem responses (ABR) test. Chi square test was used for data analysis.
FINDINGS
From 7250 newborns in the first step 598 (8.2%) and 682 (9.4%) ears (right and left, respectively) failed. In the second step 51 (0.7%) and 58 (0.8%) ears (right and left, respectively) failed. Consanguinity and route of delivery had significant effect on the frequency of hearing loss.
CONCLUSION
The overall frequency of congenital hearing loss in this study was found high.
目的
永久性先天性听力损失是一种常见的先天性异常，可能影响言语和语言习得、学业成绩及社会发展。现行标准强调对先天性听力损失的早期识别。本研究旨在确定伊朗亚兹德足月儿听力障碍的患病率。
方法
这是一项在亚兹德对7250名足月儿开展的描述性分析研究。在所有新生儿出生后24小时内进行耳声发射（OAE）测试。第一步测试无反应者在15天后重新测试。第二步测试仍无反应者则通过听性脑干反应（ABR）测试。采用卡方检验进行数据分析。
结果
在第一步测试中，7250名新生儿中分别有598只（8.2%）右耳和682只（9.4%）左耳测试未通过。第二步测试中，分别有51只（0.7%）右耳和58只（0.8%）左耳测试未通过。近亲结婚和分娩方式对听力损失发生率有显著影响。
结论
本研究中先天性听力损失的总体发生率较高。
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