Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
BMJ Paediatr Open. 2023 Jan;7(1). doi: 10.1136/bmjpo-2022-001752.
Early hearing detection and intervention (EHDI) measures initiated in high-income countries (HICs) were attempted in low-income and middle-income countries (L&MICs). However, information regarding the models of EHDI, context-specific adaptations made to strategies and outcomes are not known.
The aims of this systematic review were to identify the various models of EHDI used in Asian L&MICs in the published scientific literature and to describe their efficacy and validity.
The studies were eligible if the programme was from Asian L&MICs, implemented for children below 6 years of age and published between 2010 and 2021. Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, EBSCOHost and EBSCO-CINAHL were used to find articles. Data were extracted from each selected article, and the risk of bias was assessed. The search results were summarised using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses flow diagram. For primary outcomes, narrative synthesis was used, and forest plots were generated for secondary outcomes.
In all, 82 studies were included, and these studies were divided into two categories: newborn and infant screening programmes and screening programmes for older children. Predominantly, a two-stage objective otoacoustic emission (Distortion Product/Transient Evoked) or automated auditory brainstem response screening, followed by a detailed auditory brainstem response to confirm the hearing loss, was used in newborn and infant screening programmes. Audiologists were the most frequent screening personnel. Screening of older children was mostly done by otolaryngologists, school instructors and nurses. They performed a single-stage pure tone audiometry screening followed by a detailed examination.
The screening tools and protocols used were similar to those used in HICs. However, no uniform protocols were followed within each country. Long-term viability of EHDI programmes was not known as there was limited information on impact outcomes such as cost-benefit.
CRD42021240341.
高收入国家（HICs）启动的早期听力检测和干预（EHDI）措施已在低收入和中等收入国家（L&MICs）中尝试。然而，EHDI 模式的相关信息，以及针对策略和结果所做的特定背景调整并不为人所知。
本系统综述的目的是在已发表的科学文献中，确定亚洲 L&MIC 中使用的各种 EHDI 模式，并描述其功效和有效性。
如果该项目来自亚洲 L&MIC 地区，针对 6 岁以下儿童实施，且发表于 2010 年至 2021 年期间，则研究符合纳入标准。通过 Google Scholar、PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus、EBSCOHost 和 EBSCO-CINAHL 检索文章。从每篇选定的文章中提取数据，并评估偏倚风险。使用系统综述和荟萃分析首选报告项目的流程图总结检索结果。对于主要结果，使用叙述性综合方法，对于次要结果，生成森林图。
共纳入 82 项研究，这些研究分为两类：新生儿和婴儿筛查计划以及大龄儿童筛查计划。新生儿和婴儿筛查计划主要采用两阶段客观耳声发射（畸变产物/瞬态诱发）或自动听性脑干反应筛查，然后进行详细的听性脑干反应以确认听力损失。听力学家是最常见的筛查人员。大龄儿童筛查主要由耳鼻喉科医生、学校教师和护士进行。他们进行单次纯音听力筛查，然后进行详细检查。
所使用的筛查工具和方案与 HICs 中使用的类似。然而，每个国家内部并没有遵循统一的方案。由于缺乏有关成本效益等影响结果的信息，EHDI 计划的长期可行性尚不清楚。
PROSPERO 注册号：CRD42021240341。
