Sweet Shane N, Fortier Michelle S, Blanchard Chris M
Dept of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
J Phys Act Health. 2014 Jul;11(5):1052-6. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2012-0057. Epub 2013 Jun 24.
Because motivation has been deemed a key barrier to physical activity, it is imperative that we know how motivational levels change over time and how that change relates to physical activity. Based in Self-Determination Theory, this study investigated fluctuations in physical activity and motivational regulations over 25 weeks and tested the relationship between these 2 variables.
Data from the Physical Activity Counseling trial were examined. Inactive adults recruited from a primary care center (N = 120) answered motivation and physical activity questionnaires during the intervention and postintervention phases. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to test the hypotheses.
Quadratic changes were found for external regulation (γ20= 0.02, P < .05) and physical activity (γ20 = -2.64, P < .001), while identified (γ10= 0.04, P = .03) and intrinsic (γ10= 0.04, P = .01) regulations increased linearly over the course of the 25 weeks. Only identified regulation (γ30= 3.15, P = .01) and intrinsic motivation (γ30= 4.68, P < .001) were significantly and positively related with physical activity.
Physical activity, external and identified regulations and intrinsic motivation changed over the 25 weeks. Intervention should aim at fostering identified regulation and intrinsic motivation as greater levels of these regulations were related with physical activity.
由于动机被认为是身体活动的关键障碍，因此我们必须了解动机水平如何随时间变化以及这种变化与身体活动的关系。基于自我决定理论，本研究调查了25周内身体活动和动机调节的波动情况，并测试了这两个变量之间的关系。
对身体活动咨询试验的数据进行了检查。从初级保健中心招募的不活跃成年人（N = 120）在干预阶段和干预后阶段回答了动机和身体活动问卷。使用分层线性模型来检验假设。
发现外部调节（γ20 = 0.02，P <.05）和身体活动（γ20 = -2.64，P <.001）呈二次变化，而在25周的过程中，认同（γ10 = 0.04，P =.03）和内在（γ10 = 0.04，P =.01）调节呈线性增加。只有认同调节（γ30 = 3.15，P =.01）和内在动机（γ30 = 4.68，P <.001）与身体活动显著正相关。
在25周内，身体活动、外部和认同调节以及内在动机发生了变化。干预应旨在促进认同调节和内在动机，因为这些调节水平的提高与身体活动有关。
