Shimura Hiroko, Winkler Elisabeth, Owen Neville
Dept of Physical and Health Education, Graduate School of Education, Tokyo, Japan.
J Phys Act Health. 2014 Aug;11(6):1078-84. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2012-0244. Epub 2013 Jun 24.
We examined associations of individual, psychosocial and environmental characteristics with 4-year changes in walking among middle-to-older aged adults; few such studies have employed prospective designs.
Walking for transport and walking for recreation were assessed during 2003-2004 (baseline) and 2007-2008 (follow-up) among 445 adults aged 50-65 years residing in Adelaide, Australia. Logistic regression analyses examined predictors of being in the highest quintile of decline in walking (21.4 minutes/day or more reduction in walking for transport; 18.6 minutes/day or more reduction in walking for recreation).
Declines in walking for transport were related to higher level of walking at baseline, low perceived benefits of activity, low family social support, a medium level of social interaction, low sense of community, and higher neighborhood walkability. Declines in walking for recreation were related to higher level of walking at baseline, low self-efficacy for activity, low family social support, and a medium level of available walking facilities.
Declines in middle-to-older aged adults' walking for transport and walking for recreation have differing personal, psychosocial and built-environment correlates, for which particular preventive strategies may be developed. Targeted campaigns, community-based programs, and environmental and policy initiatives can be informed by these findings.
我们研究了个体、心理社会和环境特征与中老年成年人步行4年变化之间的关联；很少有此类研究采用前瞻性设计。
2003年至2004年（基线）以及2007年至2008年（随访）期间，对居住在澳大利亚阿德莱德的445名50至65岁成年人的交通步行和休闲步行进行了评估。逻辑回归分析检验了步行下降处于最高五分位数（交通步行每天减少21.4分钟或更多；休闲步行每天减少18.6分钟或更多）的预测因素。
交通步行下降与基线时较高的步行水平、对活动的低感知益处（低预期活动益处）、低家庭社会支持、中等水平的社会互动、低社区感以及较高的邻里步行便利性有关。休闲步行下降与基线时较高的步行水平、活动的低自我效能感、低家庭社会支持以及中等水平的可用步行设施有关。
中老年成年人交通步行和休闲步行的下降具有不同的个人、心理社会和建成环境相关性，可据此制定特定的预防策略。这些研究结果可为有针对性的宣传活动、社区项目以及环境和政策举措提供参考。
