Department of Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, 3755 Côte Sainte Catherine Road, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada.
Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2013 Aug;10(8):437-50. doi: 10.1038/nrclinonc.2013.101. Epub 2013 Jun 25.
The majority of samples in existing tumour biobanks are surgical specimens of primary tumours. Insights into tumour biology, such as intratumoural heterogeneity, tumour-host crosstalk, and the evolution of the disease during therapy, require biospecimens from the primary tumour and those that reflect the patient's disease in specific contexts. Next-generation 'omics' technologies facilitate deep interrogation of tumours, but the characteristics of the samples can determine the ultimate accuracy of the results. The challenge is to biopsy tumours, in some cases serially over time, ensuring that the samples are representative, viable, and adequate both in quantity and quality for subsequent molecular applications. The collection of next-generation biospecimens, tumours, and blood samples at defined time points during the disease trajectory--either for discovery research or to guide clinical decisions--presents additional challenges and opportunities. From an organizational perspective, it also requires new additions to the multidisciplinary therapeutic team, notably interventional radiologists, molecular pathologists, and bioinformaticians. In this Review, we describe the existing procedures for sample procurement and processing of next-generation biospecimens, and highlight the issues involved in this endeavour, including the ethical, logistical, scientific, informational, and financial challenges accompanying next-generation biobanking.
大多数现有的肿瘤生物库样本都是原发性肿瘤的手术标本。要了解肿瘤生物学，如肿瘤内异质性、肿瘤-宿主相互作用，以及治疗过程中疾病的演变，需要原发性肿瘤的生物样本以及那些能在特定背景下反映患者疾病的生物样本。下一代“组学”技术促进了对肿瘤的深入研究，但样本的特征可以决定结果的最终准确性。挑战在于对肿瘤进行活检，在某些情况下需要随着时间的推移进行连续活检，以确保样本具有代表性、可存活，并且在数量和质量上足以满足后续分子应用的要求。在疾病轨迹的定义时间点收集下一代生物样本、肿瘤和血液样本，无论是用于发现研究还是指导临床决策，都带来了额外的挑战和机遇。从组织的角度来看，它还需要为多学科治疗团队增加新成员，特别是介入放射科医生、分子病理学家和生物信息学家。在这篇综述中，我们描述了下一代生物样本的现有样本采集和处理程序，并强调了这一努力所涉及的问题，包括伴随下一代生物库而来的伦理、后勤、科学、信息和财务方面的挑战。
