Hopgood Timothy, Percival Teuila, Stewart Joanna, Ameratunga Shanthi
Pacific Health Section, School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand.
N Z Med J. 2013 May 10;126(1374):22-8.
The school journey is a common context for child pedestrian injuries in New Zealand, with children from low socioeconomic, Maori or Pacific families being at increased risk. The extent to which evidence-based environmental strategies that can address this problem are equitably implemented is unclear.
To determine if there is a difference in the distribution of traffic-calming modifications around schools in areas of high and low socioeconomic deprivation in Auckland and Manukau Cities, New Zealand.
From a list of the most and least socioeconomically deprived schools in Auckland and Manukau Cities, 40 of each were randomly selected. The number of modifications within a 1 km radius of these schools was recorded in December 2009 or January 2010. The association of deprivation and region with the numbers of traffic-calming modifications was examined using a general linear model.
Socioeconomically least deprived schools had more traffic-calming interventions than the most deprived schools (least square mean (LSM): 25 versus 18; p=0.05), and Auckland schools had more interventions than Manukau schools (LSM: 27 versus 16; p=0.001).
Traffic-calming measures were observed more commonly in less deprived areas where the risks of child pedestrian injuries are generally lower. This apparent paradox could result in increasing socioeconomic inequities in the distribution of child pedestrian injuries.
在新西兰，上学途中是儿童行人受伤的常见场景，来自社会经济地位较低、毛利族或太平洋岛民家庭的儿童面临的风险更高。目前尚不清楚能够解决这一问题的循证环境策略在多大程度上得到了公平实施。
确定在新西兰奥克兰市和曼努考市社会经济贫困程度高和低的地区，学校周边交通 calming 改造的分布是否存在差异。
从奥克兰市和曼努考市社会经济贫困程度最高和最低的学校名单中，分别随机选取40所。2009年12月或2010年1月记录了这些学校半径1公里范围内的改造数量。使用一般线性模型检验贫困程度和地区与交通 calming 改造数量之间的关联。
社会经济贫困程度最低的学校比贫困程度最高的学校有更多的交通 calming 干预措施（最小二乘均值（LSM）：25对18；p = 0.05），奥克兰的学校比曼努考的学校有更多的干预措施（LSM：27对16；p = 0.001）。
在儿童行人受伤风险通常较低的较不贫困地区，交通 calming 措施更为常见。这种明显的矛盾可能会导致儿童行人受伤分布方面社会经济不平等的加剧。
