Matise Michael P
Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
Wiley Interdiscip Rev Dev Biol. 2013 May-Jun;2(3):419-25. doi: 10.1002/wdev.83. Epub 2012 Jul 24.
The generation of neuronal diversity in the ventral spinal cord during development is a multistep process that occurs with precise and reproducible spatiotemporal order. The proper functioning of the central nervous system requires that this be carried out with extraordinary precision from the outset. Extrinsic influences such as the secreted Sonic hedgehog (SHH) protein provide positional cues that are read out genetically as specific patterns of gene expression in subsets of dividing progenitors, which is the first overt indication that they have begun to embark upon cell-type-specific differentiation programs. Cells generated from these segregated domains will ultimately share similar properties and functions. Recent work illustrates that SHH, which regulates target genes via the GLI transcription factors, directly controls a subset of progenitor fate determinant genes and that both derepression and activation play a role in shaping the differential response to this morphogen.
发育过程中脊髓腹侧神经元多样性的产生是一个多步骤过程，该过程以精确且可重复的时空顺序发生。中枢神经系统的正常运作要求从一开始就以极高的精度进行这一过程。诸如分泌型音猬因子（SHH）蛋白等外在影响提供了位置线索，这些线索在遗传上被解读为分裂祖细胞亚群中特定的基因表达模式，这是它们开始进入细胞类型特异性分化程序的首个明显迹象。从这些分离区域产生的细胞最终将具有相似的特性和功能。最近的研究表明，通过GLI转录因子调节靶基因的SHH直接控制了一部分祖细胞命运决定基因，并且去抑制和激活在塑造对这种形态发生素的差异反应中都发挥了作用。
