Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering , University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Boulevard, Eng I, Room 340, Orlando, Florida, 32816, United States.
Environ Sci Technol. 2013 Aug 6;47(15):8114-22. doi: 10.1021/es305175e. Epub 2013 Jul 10.
This research sought to understand the behavior of engineered nanoparticles in landfill leachate by examining the interactions between nanoparticles and leachate components. The primary foci of this paper are the effects of ZnO, TiO2, and Ag nanoparticles on biological landfill processes and the form of Zn, Ti, and Ag in leachate following the addition of nanoparticles. Insight into the behavior of nanoparticles in landfill leachate was gained from the observed increase in the aqueous concentrations over background for Zn, Ti, and Ag in some tested leachates attributed to leachate components interacting with the nanoparticle coatings resulting in dispersion, dissolution/dissociation, and/or agglomeration. Coated nanoparticles did not affect biological processes when added to leachate; five-day biochemical oxygen demand and biochemical methane potential results were not statistically different when exposed to nanoparticles, presumably due to the low concentration of dissolved free ionic forms of the associated metals resulting from the interaction with leachate components. Chemical speciation modeling predicted that dissolved Zn in leachate was primarily associated with dissolved organic matter, Ti with hydroxide, and Ag with hydrogen sulfide and ammonia; less than 1% of dissolved Zn and Ag was in the free ionic form, and free ionic Ti and Ag concentrations were negligible.
本研究通过考察纳米颗粒与渗滤液成分之间的相互作用，旨在了解工程纳米颗粒在垃圾渗滤液中的行为。本文的主要重点是 ZnO、TiO2 和 Ag 纳米颗粒对生物填埋过程的影响，以及添加纳米颗粒后渗滤液中 Zn、Ti 和 Ag 的形态。从某些测试渗滤液中观察到 Zn、Ti 和 Ag 的水相浓度高于背景值，这归因于渗滤液成分与纳米颗粒涂层相互作用导致分散、溶解/解离和/或团聚，从而了解了纳米颗粒在垃圾渗滤液中的行为。当将纳米颗粒添加到渗滤液中时，不会影响生物过程；当暴露于纳米颗粒时，五日生化需氧量和生化甲烷潜能结果在统计学上没有差异，这可能是由于与渗滤液成分相互作用导致相关金属的溶解自由离子形式浓度较低所致。化学形态建模预测渗滤液中的溶解 Zn 主要与溶解有机物有关，Ti 与氢氧化物有关，Ag 与硫化氢和氨有关；溶解 Zn 和 Ag 的自由离子形式不到 1%，而自由离子 Ti 和 Ag 的浓度可以忽略不计。
