Faculty of Fisheries, Department of Basic Aquatic Sciences, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey.
Chemosphere. 2013 Oct;93(6):954-62. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.05.061. Epub 2013 Jun 22.
Water samples were collected at monthly intervals during 1 year of monitoring from Kralkızı, Dicle and Batman dam reservoirs in the Tigris River basin to assess the concentrations of dissolved heavy metals and to determine their spatial and seasonal variations. The results indicated that dissolved heavy metal concentrations in the reservoirs were very low, reflecting the natural background levels. The lowest total metal concentrations in the three dam reservoirs were detected at sampling sites close to the dam wall. However, the highest total concentrations were observed at sites, which are located at the entrance of the streams to the reservoirs. Fe, Cr and Ni were the most abundant elements in the reservoirs, whereas Cd and As were the less abundant. The mean concentrations of dissolved metals in the dam reservoirs never exceeded the maximum permitted concentrations established by EC (European Community), WHO and USEPA drinking water quality guidelines. All heavy metals showed significant seasonal variations. As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni and Pb displayed higher values in the dry season, while higher values for Zn in the wet season. Cluster analysis grouped all ten sampling sites into three clusters. Clusters 1 and 2, and cluster 3 corresponded to relatively low polluted and moderate polluted regions, respectively. PCA/FA demonstrated the dissolved metals in the dam reservoirs controlled by natural sources.
在监测的 1 年期间，每月从底格里斯河流域的 Kralkızı、Dicle 和 Batman 大坝水库采集水样，以评估溶解重金属的浓度，并确定其空间和季节性变化。结果表明，水库中溶解重金属的浓度非常低，反映了自然背景水平。在靠近大坝墙的采样点检测到三个大坝水库中总金属浓度最低。然而，在位于水库入流口的采样点观察到最高的总浓度。Fe、Cr 和 Ni 是水库中最丰富的元素，而 Cd 和 As 则较少。大坝水库中溶解金属的平均浓度从未超过欧洲共同体（EC）、世界卫生组织（WHO）和美国环保署（USEPA）饮用水质量指南规定的最大允许浓度。所有重金属都表现出明显的季节性变化。As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Fe、Ni 和 Pb 在旱季的含量较高，而 Zn 在雨季的含量较高。聚类分析将所有十个采样点分为三组。集群 1 和 2 以及集群 3 分别对应于相对污染较轻和中度污染的地区。PCA/FA 表明，大坝水库中的溶解金属受自然来源控制。
