Department of Biomedical Engineering and Wisconsin Institutes for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53715, USA.
Biotechnol Adv. 2013 Dec;31(8):1397-407. doi: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.06.004. Epub 2013 Jun 22.
The risk of acquisition of resistance to chemotherapy remains a major hurdle in the management of various types of cancer patients. Several cellular and noncellular mechanisms are involved in developing both intrinsic and acquired resistance in cancer cells toward chemotherapy. This review covers the various multidrug resistance (MDR) mechanisms observed in cancer cells as well as the various strategies developed to overcome these MDR mechanisms. Extensive studies have been conducted during the last several decades to enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy by suppressing or evading these MDR mechanisms including the use of new anticancer drugs that could escape from the efflux reaction, MDR modulators or chemosensitizers, multifunctional nanocarriers, and RNA interference (RNAi) therapy.
化疗耐药的风险仍然是各种类型癌症患者治疗的主要障碍。几种细胞和非细胞机制参与了癌细胞对化疗产生内在和获得性耐药的过程。本文综述了癌细胞中观察到的各种多药耐药（MDR）机制，以及为克服这些 MDR 机制而开发的各种策略。在过去几十年中，已经进行了广泛的研究，通过抑制或规避这些 MDR 机制来提高化疗的疗效，包括使用能够逃避外排反应的新型抗癌药物、MDR 调节剂或化疗增敏剂、多功能纳米载体和 RNA 干扰（RNAi）治疗。
