Division of Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.
Biomed J. 2013 May-Jun;36(3):98-105. doi: 10.4103/2319-4170.113226.
Cell-based therapy could aid in alleviating symptoms or even reversing the progression of neurodegenerative diseases and nerve injuries. Fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) has been shown to maintain the survival of neurons and induce neurite outgrowth. Accumulating evidence suggests that combination of FGF1 and cell-based therapy is promising for future therapeutic application. Neural stem cells (NSCs), with the characteristics of self-renewal and multipotency, can be isolated from embryonic stem cells, embryonic ectoderm, and developing or adult brain tissues. For NSC clinical application, several critical problems remain to be resolved: (1) the source of NSCs should be personalized; (2) the isolation methods and protocols of human NSCs should be standardized; (3) the clinical efficacy of NSC transplants must be evaluated in more adequate animal models; and (4) the mechanism of intrinsic brain repair needs to be better characterized. In addition, the ideal imaging technique for tracking NSCs would be safe and yield high temporal and spatial resolution, good sensitivity and specificity. Here, we discuss recent progress and future development of cell-based therapy, such as NSCs, induced pluripotent stem cells, and induced neurons, in neurodegenerative diseases and peripheral nerve injuries.
基于细胞的疗法可以帮助缓解症状，甚至逆转神经退行性疾病和神经损伤的进展。成纤维细胞生长因子 1（FGF1）已被证明可以维持神经元的存活并诱导轴突生长。越来越多的证据表明，FGF1 与细胞疗法的联合应用具有广阔的治疗前景。神经干细胞（NSCs）具有自我更新和多能性的特点，可以从胚胎干细胞、胚胎外胚层和发育或成年脑组织中分离得到。为了将 NSCs 应用于临床，还需要解决几个关键问题：（1）NSCs 的来源应该个体化；（2）人 NSCs 的分离方法和方案应标准化；（3）应在更充分的动物模型中评估 NSC 移植的临床疗效；（4）需要更好地描述内在脑修复的机制。此外，用于追踪 NSCs 的理想成像技术应该是安全的，并具有高时间和空间分辨率、良好的灵敏度和特异性。在这里，我们讨论了基于细胞的疗法（如 NSCs、诱导多能干细胞和诱导神经元）在神经退行性疾病和周围神经损伤中的最新进展和未来发展。
