Babu A
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, John Stroger Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Drugs Today (Barc). 2013 Jun;49(6):363-76. doi: 10.1358/dot.2013.49.6.1965099.
Canagliflozin, an oral inhibitor of sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) in the kidneys, leads to glucosuria and provides a unique mechanism to lower blood glucose levels in diabetes. It corrects a novel pathophysiological defect, has an insulin-independent action, reduces HbA1c by 0.5 to 1.1%, promotes weight loss, has a low incidence of hypoglycemia, complements the action of other antidiabetic agents, can be used at any stage of diabetes and appears to be safe in patients with compromised renal function. Due to side effects such as urinary tract and genital infections and decrease in blood pressure, proper patient selection for drug initiation and close monitoring will be important. Results of ongoing cardiovascular safety trials are important to determine the risk-benefit ratio. Canagliflozin is the first oral SGLT2 inhibitor approved in the U.S. market and it represents a promising approach for the treatment of diabetes in this era of increasing obesity.
卡格列净是一种肾脏中钠/葡萄糖协同转运蛋白2（SGLT2）的口服抑制剂，可导致糖尿，并为降低糖尿病患者的血糖水平提供独特机制。它纠正了一种新的病理生理缺陷，具有不依赖胰岛素的作用，可使糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）降低0.5%至1.1%，促进体重减轻，低血糖发生率低，可补充其他抗糖尿病药物的作用，可在糖尿病的任何阶段使用，且对肾功能受损的患者似乎是安全的。由于存在诸如尿路感染、生殖器感染和血压降低等副作用，在开始用药时正确选择患者并进行密切监测将很重要。正在进行的心血管安全性试验的结果对于确定风险效益比很重要。卡格列净是美国市场上首个获批的口服SGLT2抑制剂，在这个肥胖率不断上升的时代，它代表了一种有前景的糖尿病治疗方法。
