Gutiérrez-Salmeán Gabriela, Meaney Alejandra, Ocharán M Esther, Araujo Juan M, Ramírez-Sánchez Israel, Olivares-Corichi Ivonne M, García-Sánchez Rubén, Castillo Guadalupe, Méndez-Bolaina Enrique, Meaney Eduardo, Ceballos Guillermo
Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Delegación Miguel Hidalgo, 11340 México DF.
Nutr Hosp. 2013 Jan-Feb;28(1):194-201. doi: 10.3305/nh.2013.28.1.6185.
Obesity and the metabolic syndrome affect a considerable segment of the population worldwide, including health professionals. In fact, several studies have reported that physicians tend to have more cardiovascular risk factors than their patients. The present cross-sectional study assessed whether the Health Sciences students had a healthier lifestyle, thus could have a more preventive attitude towards chronic diseases than the general population.
Students of the medical-biological areas were surveyed by answering a questionnaire about familiar cardiovascular risk factors, personal smoking, alcohol drinking, dietary and exercise habits. Blood pressure was also measured, along with weight, height, and abdominal circumference.
23.4% of the participants were overweight and 10% obese. Parental obesity was the most frequent risk factor, followed by social drinking and smoking. We found high consumption of animal derived foods, breakfast- like cereals, pastries, white bread and sweetened beverages; while low intake of fruit and vegetables were reported. More than half the sample reported to practice very little or no exercise at all.
We found similar or even higher rates of risk factors than the average population, that may eventually lead to the development of chronic cardiometabolic diseases. Thus we can infer that biomedical education is inefficient in inducing healthy lifestyles among biomedical students, which could have impact in their future practice as they will most probable become obese health-professionals, thus fail to effectively treat their own patients.
肥胖和代谢综合征影响着全球相当一部分人口，包括健康专业人员。事实上，多项研究报告称，医生往往比他们的患者有更多的心血管危险因素。本横断面研究评估了健康科学专业的学生是否拥有更健康的生活方式，因此对慢性病是否可能比普通人群有更具预防性的态度。
通过回答一份关于常见心血管危险因素、个人吸烟、饮酒、饮食和运动习惯的问卷，对医学生物领域的学生进行了调查。还测量了血压、体重、身高和腹围。
23.4%的参与者超重，10%肥胖。父母肥胖是最常见的危险因素，其次是社交性饮酒和吸烟。我们发现动物性食物、类似早餐的谷物、糕点、白面包和含糖饮料的消费量很高；而水果和蔬菜的摄入量较低。超过一半的样本报告很少或根本不锻炼。
我们发现危险因素的发生率与普通人群相似甚至更高，这最终可能导致慢性心脏代谢疾病的发生。因此我们可以推断，生物医学教育在引导生物医学专业学生养成健康生活方式方面效率低下，这可能会影响他们未来的执业，因为他们很可能成为肥胖的健康专业人员，从而无法有效地治疗自己的患者。
