University Children's Hospital, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Strasse 2, Würzburg, Germany.
Early Hum Dev. 2013 Jun;89 Suppl 1:S22-4. doi: 10.1016/S0378-3782(13)70008-2.
Surfactant replacement in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) has been a major therapeutic breakthrough and the most intensively studied intervention in neonatal medicine. Surfactant whether given prophylactically in the delivery room or in babies with established RDS reduces the severity of RDS, the incidence of air leaks and pneumothorax and, most importantly, neonatal death. Many randomized controlled trials have explored different strategies to optimize the effect of surfactant administration and have further improved neonatal outcome. Whenever indicated, surfactant should be administered as early as possible in the course of the RDS.
表面活性物质替代治疗在患有呼吸窘迫综合征（RDS）的早产儿中是一项重大的治疗突破，也是新生儿医学中研究最多的干预措施。表面活性物质无论是在产房预防性使用，还是在已经患有 RDS 的婴儿中使用，都可以减轻 RDS 的严重程度，降低气漏和气胸的发生率，最重要的是降低新生儿死亡率。许多随机对照试验已经探索了不同的策略来优化表面活性物质给药的效果，并进一步改善了新生儿的结局。只要有指征，就应该尽早在 RDS 病程中给予表面活性物质。
