Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27715, USA.
Early Hum Dev. 2013 Jun;89 Suppl 1(0 1):S25-7. doi: 10.1016/S0378-3782(13)70009-4.
Candida infections are a source of significant mortality and morbidity in the neonatal intensive care unit. Treatment strategies continue to change as additional antifungals become available and studies in neonates are performed. Amphotericin B deoxycholate has been favored for many years, but fluconazole has the most data supporting its use in neonatal Candida infections and is often employed for prophylaxis as well as treatment. Voriconazole and posaconazole have limited utility in the nursery and are rarely used. The echinocandins are increasingly administered for invasive Candida infections, although higher doses are required in neonates than in older children and adults.
念珠菌感染是新生儿重症监护病房中导致高死亡率和高发病率的一个原因。随着更多抗真菌药物的出现以及在新生儿中开展的研究,治疗策略不断变化。多年来,两性霉素 B 去氧胆酸盐一直受到青睐,但氟康唑在新生儿念珠菌感染中的应用数据最多,并且常被用于预防和治疗。伏立康唑和泊沙康唑在新生儿病房中的应用有限,很少使用。棘白菌素类药物越来越多地用于侵袭性念珠菌感染,尽管新生儿所需剂量高于较大儿童和成人。