Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA.
Early Hum Dev. 2013 Jun;89 Suppl 1:S4-6. doi: 10.1016/S0378-3782(13)70002-1.
Because mechanical ventilation is associated with severe complications in premature infants, it is important to limit its duration as much as possible. This can be accomplished by using strategies that preserve spontaneous respiration such as patient triggered and volume target ventilation. The use of respiratory stimulants and nasal CPAP or nasal IPPV after extubation are also effective and improve extubation success. A short course of systemic steroids can also expedite weaning and extubation.
由于机械通气会导致早产儿出现严重并发症，因此尽可能限制其使用时间非常重要。可以通过使用保留自主呼吸的策略来实现，例如患者触发通气和容量目标通气。在拔管后使用呼吸兴奋剂和鼻塞式 CPAP 或经鼻间歇正压通气也是有效的，可以提高拔管成功率。短期使用全身皮质类固醇也可以加速撤机和拔管。
