Semrud-Clikeman Margaret, Fine Jodene Goldenring, Bledsoe Jesse
Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, 516 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA,
J Autism Dev Disord. 2014 Feb;44(2):331-42. doi: 10.1007/s10803-013-1871-2.
It has been suggested that children with nonverbal learning disabilities (NLD) or Asperger's Syndrome (AS) may show difficulties with executive functioning. There were 3 groups in this study who completed a neuropsychological battery of visual-spatial, executive functioning, and reasoning tasks; AS (n = 37), NLD (n = 31), and controls (n = 40). Results indicated that children in both clinical groups scored within average limits on measures of spatial reasoning and verbal ability. Fluid reasoning was also found to be within average ranges for all groups. The AS group experienced significant problems with cognitive flexibility compared to the other two groups. In contrast the NLD group showed fewer difficulties with cognitive flexibility but more problems with visual sequencing. These findings suggest that performance on executive function measures for children with AS or NLD is remarkably similar with subtle differences present.
有人认为，患有非言语学习障碍（NLD）或阿斯伯格综合征（AS）的儿童可能在执行功能方面存在困难。本研究中有三组儿童完成了一系列视觉空间、执行功能和推理任务的神经心理学测试；阿斯伯格综合征组（n = 37）、非言语学习障碍组（n = 31）和对照组（n = 40）。结果表明，两个临床组的儿童在空间推理和语言能力测试中的得分均在平均范围内。所有组的流体推理能力也都在平均范围内。与其他两组相比，阿斯伯格综合征组在认知灵活性方面存在显著问题。相比之下，非言语学习障碍组在认知灵活性方面的困难较少，但在视觉序列方面存在更多问题。这些发现表明，患有阿斯伯格综合征或非言语学习障碍的儿童在执行功能测试中的表现非常相似，但存在细微差异。
