Otto D A, Kahn D R, Hamm M W, Forrest D E, Wooten J T
Department of Research, Baptist Medical Centers, Birmingham, Alabama.
Transplantation. 1990 Aug;50(2):193-8. doi: 10.1097/00007890-199008000-00004.
A heterotopic cardiac transplant model, with male Fischer 344 rats as donors and Long Evans rats as recipients, was utilized to investigate the effect of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on acute rejection. Both donor and recipient rats were fed purified diets high in either n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (from concentrated n-3 ethyl esters [EE] or fish oil [FO]) or n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (from corn oil [CO]) for either 2-3 or 3-4 weeks before transplant. The recipient rats continued on their diets until rejection. The AIN-76A-based diets (with 30% of calories as fat) had adequate essential fatty acids and were balanced for sterols and antioxidants. Allograft survival was significantly increased by 45% when recipient rats were fed EE as compared to the control (CO diet fed to both donor and recipient), regardless of the diet fed to the donor. There was a slight but significant increase in allograft survival when only donor rats were fed the EE diet 2-3 weeks before transplant. With the FO diet (containing one third of the n-3 fatty acids in the EE diet), only the group fed FO to both donor and recipient (starting 2-3 weeks before transplant) showed a significant increase in allograft survival over the control. However, if the FO diets were fed for 3-4 weeks before transplant, increased survival was seen in groups fed FO to either the donor or recipient alone. In this case, allograft survival with FO feeding to both donor and recipient was not different from recipient treatment alone. In all the studies there was a significant and direct correlation between allograft survival and the donor heart phospholipid n-3/n-6 fatty acid ratio and the n-3 fatty acid content (at rejection). There was an indirect relationship with the n-6 fatty acid content. There was no detectable 20:3 (n-9) in the cardiac phospholipids, indicating the absence of essential fatty acid deficiency. Recipient diets were the strongest determinant of the fatty acid composition in the transplanted donor heart. The data indicate that providing dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids before and after cardiac transplant to recipient animals provides a significant protection against acute rejection.
采用一种异位心脏移植模型，以雄性Fischer 344大鼠作为供体，Long Evans大鼠作为受体，来研究膳食n-3多不饱和脂肪酸对急性排斥反应的影响。在移植前2 - 3周或3 - 4周，供体和受体大鼠均喂食富含n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（来自浓缩n-3乙酯[EE]或鱼油[FO]）或n-6多不饱和脂肪酸（来自玉米油[CO]）的纯化日粮。受体大鼠继续按其日粮喂养直至发生排斥反应。基于AIN-76A的日粮（30%的热量来自脂肪）含有充足的必需脂肪酸，并且甾醇和抗氧化剂含量均衡。与对照组（供体和受体均喂食CO日粮）相比，当受体大鼠喂食EE时，同种异体移植物存活时间显著延长45%，与供体所喂食的日粮无关。当仅在移植前2 - 3周给供体大鼠喂食EE日粮时，同种异体移植物存活时间有轻微但显著的延长。对于FO日粮（其n-3脂肪酸含量为EE日粮的三分之一），只有供体和受体均喂食FO的组（从移植前2 - 3周开始）与对照组相比，同种异体移植物存活时间有显著延长。然而，如果在移植前3 - 4周喂食FO日粮，则单独给供体或受体喂食FO的组均可见存活时间延长。在这种情况下，供体和受体均喂食FO时的同种异体移植物存活时间与仅对受体进行治疗时无差异。在所有研究中，同种异体移植物存活时间与供体心脏磷脂的n-3/n-6脂肪酸比值以及n-3脂肪酸含量（在发生排斥反应时）之间存在显著的直接相关性。与n-6脂肪酸含量存在间接关系。心脏磷脂中未检测到20:3（n-9），表明不存在必需脂肪酸缺乏。受体日粮是移植的供体心脏中脂肪酸组成的最强决定因素。数据表明，在心脏移植前后给受体动物提供膳食n-3多不饱和脂肪酸可显著预防急性排斥反应。
