Krett Gergely, Vágány Viktória, Makk Judit, Jáger Katalin, Reskóné Mária N, Márialigeti Károly, Borsodi Andrea K
Eötvös Loránd University, Department of Microbiology, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány P. sétány 1/C, Hungary.
Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung. 2013 Jun;60(2):211-35. doi: 10.1556/AMicr.60.2013.2.11.
Lake Hévíz is the largest natural warm water lake of Europe. The curative mud of the lake comprises volcanic and marsh components although their species composition is hardly known yet. The aim of the present study was to gain information about the distribution and species diversity of bacterial communities inhabiting the sediment of Lake Hévíz using cultivation-based and molecular cloning methods. Samples from two depths and locations were taken in 2004 and 2007. Representatives of the altogether 255 bacterial isolates were affiliated with the phyla Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes. The most abundant groups belonged to the genus Bacillus (Firmicutes). Many of Lake Hévíz isolates showed the highest sequence similarity to bacteria known to be plant associated or members of normal human microbiota as well as participating in decomposition of highly resistant organic materials. In the three clone libraries, phylotypes belonging to altogether different phyla (Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria, Chlorobi, Chloroflexi, Deferribacteres, Nitrospirae, Spirochaetes and Verrucomicrobia) were revealed from which members of Gammaproteobacteria and Cyanobacteria proved to be the most abundant. Regardless of the sampling times and methodology used, high spatial heterogeneities of bacterial community structures were characteristic of the sediment of Lake Hévíz.
赫维兹湖是欧洲最大的天然温水湖。该湖的治病泥浆含有火山和沼泽成分，不过其物种组成尚不清楚。本研究的目的是利用基于培养的方法和分子克隆方法，获取有关赫维兹湖沉积物中细菌群落分布和物种多样性的信息。2004年和2007年从两个深度和地点采集了样本。总共255株细菌分离株分别属于厚壁菌门、放线菌门、变形菌门和拟杆菌门。最丰富的类群属于芽孢杆菌属（厚壁菌门）。赫维兹湖的许多分离株与已知与植物相关的细菌、正常人类微生物群成员以及参与高抗性有机物质分解的细菌具有最高的序列相似性。在三个克隆文库中，发现了属于完全不同门（厚壁菌门、放线菌门、变形菌门、拟杆菌门、蓝细菌门、绿弯菌门、绿菌门、绿屈挠菌门、脱铁杆菌门、硝化螺旋菌门、螺旋体门和疣微菌门）的系统发育型，其中γ-变形菌门和蓝细菌门的成员最为丰富。无论采样时间和使用的方法如何，细菌群落结构的高空间异质性都是赫维兹湖沉积物的特征。
