Department of Genetics, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Av. Pádua Dias 11, PO BOX 83, Piracicaba, SP, 13400-970, Brazil.
Curr Genet. 2013 Aug;59(3):153-66. doi: 10.1007/s00294-013-0396-8. Epub 2013 Jul 6.
This study aimed to perform a comparative analysis of the diversity of endophytic fungal communities isolated from the leaves and branches of Rhizophora mangle, Avicennia schaueriana and Laguncularia racemosa trees inhabiting two mangroves in the state of São Paulo, Brazil [Cananeia and Bertioga (oil spill-affected and unaffected)] in the summer and winter. Three hundred and forty-three fungi were identified by sequencing the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region of rDNA. Differences were observed in the frequencies of fungi isolated from the leaves and branches of these three different plant species sampled from the Bertioga oil spill-affected and the oil-unaffected mangrove sites in the summer and winter; these differences indicate a potential impact on fungal diversity in the study area due to the oil spill. The molecular identification of the fungi showed that the fungal community associated with these mangroves is composed of at least 34 different genera, the most frequent of which were Diaporthe, Colletotrichum, Fusarium, Trichoderma and Xylaria. The Shannon and the Chao1 indices [H'(95 %) = 4.00, H'(97 %) = 4.22, Chao1(95 %) = 204 and Chao1(97 %) = 603] indicated that the mangrove fungal community possesses a vast diversity and richness of endophytic fungi. The data generated in this study revealed a large reservoir of fungal genetic diversity inhabiting these Brazilian mangrove forests and highlighted substantial differences between the fungal communities associated with distinct plant tissues, plant species, impacted sites and sampling seasons.
本研究旨在对巴西圣州两个红树林（坎奈西亚和别特奥加（受溢油影响和未受影响））夏季和冬季红树属、海桑属和卤蕨属植物叶片和枝条内生真菌群落的多样性进行比较分析。通过对 rDNA ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 区进行测序，鉴定了 343 种真菌。从别特奥加受溢油影响和未受影响的红树林采集的这三种不同植物的叶片和枝条中分离出的真菌的频率存在差异；这些差异表明，溢油事件对研究区域内的真菌多样性产生了潜在影响。真菌的分子鉴定表明，与这些红树林相关的真菌群落至少由 34 个不同属组成，其中最常见的是 Diaporthe、Colletotrichum、Fusarium、Trichoderma 和 Xylaria。香农和 Chao1 指数[H'(95 %) = 4.00，H'(97 %) = 4.22，Chao1(95 %) = 204 和 Chao1(97 %) = 603]表明，红树林真菌群落具有丰富的内生真菌多样性和丰富度。本研究产生的数据揭示了巴西红树林森林中蕴藏着大量的真菌遗传多样性，并强调了不同植物组织、植物物种、受影响地点和采样季节之间真菌群落存在显著差异。
