Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. 24-A, n 1515, Bela Vista, 13506-900, Rio Claro, Brazil.
Department of Exact Sciences, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, Piracicaba, Brazil.
Curr Microbiol. 2018 Apr;75(4):441-449. doi: 10.1007/s00284-017-1400-1. Epub 2017 Nov 20.
Tropical plants represent hotspots of endophytic fungal species diversity. Based on culture-dependent methods, we evaluated the endophytic fungal communities in leaves of three plant species found in the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest: Begonia fischeri, Begonia olsoniae, and Begonia venosa. These species are found in two distant sites: a continental region and an insular area. A total of 426 fungal endophytes in 19 genera were isolated in pure culture including Colletotrichum (51.6% of isolates) and Diaporthe (22.5%) as the most abundant, followed by Phyllosticta (3.5%), Neopestalotiopsis (1.8%), Stagonospora (1.8%), and Nigrospora (1.6%) among the genera found in minor abundance. The diversity and composition of fungal taxa differed across plant hosts. Richness and diversity of fungi were higher in B. fischeri in comparison to B. olsoniae and B. venosa. Discriminatory analysis revealed that fungal communities are structured according to hosts, which means that each plant species had its distinct endophytic communities, but dominated by common fungal taxa. This is the first study to report fungal endophytes in begonia leaves and characterize their communities.
热带植物是内生真菌物种多样性的热点。基于依赖培养的方法，我们评估了在巴西大西洋雨林中三种植物叶片中的内生真菌群落：B. fischeri、B. olsoniae 和 B. venosa。这些物种分布在两个遥远的地点：一个是大陆地区，另一个是岛屿地区。共分离出 426 株内生真菌，属于 19 个属，包括炭疽菌（51.6%的分离株）和盘菌（22.5%），数量最多，其次是叶点霉（3.5%）、新拟盘多毛孢（1.8%）、尾孢菌（1.8%）和黑孢霉（1.6%）。在发现的少数属中，真菌类群的多样性和组成在植物宿主之间存在差异。与 B. olsoniae 和 B. venosa 相比，B. fischeri 的真菌丰富度和多样性更高。判别分析表明，真菌群落根据宿主而构成，这意味着每个植物物种都有其独特的内生群落，但以常见的真菌类群为主。这是首次报道秋海棠属叶片中的内生真菌并对其群落进行特征描述的研究。
